<a href="https://piiano.com/pii-data-privacy-vault/">
<img alt="Piiano Vault" src="https://docs.piiano.com/img/logo-developers.svg" height="40" />
</a>
# Django Encrypted Model Fields
[](https://pypi.org/project/django-encryption/)
## About
This library allows you to specify specific fields to encrypt in your Django models using Vault's API in a transparent manner, taking advantage of Vault's advanced capabilities.
This helps you:
- Achieve compliance with various privacy standards
- Implement TTL or expiration for data
- Get Masked or transformed versions of your data
- Rely on Vault's permission model
This is a fork of
<https://gitlab.com/lansharkconsulting/django/django-encrypted-model-fields> which in turn is a fork of <https://github.com/foundertherapy/django-cryptographic-fields>. It has
been renamed, and updated to support encryption through Piiano Vault's API.
**Note:**
Actively tested with Python 3.11.5. Should work with any Python 3.x.
This package is compatible with Vault version 1.11.1.
For a Vault client compatible with other versions of Vault, check [other versions of this package](https://pypi.org/project/django-encryption/).
## Usage
First install the library:
```commandline
pip install django-encryption
```
Add to your `settings.py` (Example in [here](../../examples/django-encryption-example/vault_sample_django/local_settings_example.py)):
- `VAULT_ADDRESS`
- `VAULT_API_KEY`
- `VAULT_DEFAULT_COLLECTION`
**Note** it is best practice to provide `VAULT_ADDRESS` and `VAULT_API_KEY` via environment variables in production
- Add `django_encryption` to `INSTALLED_APPS`
In your `models.py` (Example in [here](../../examples/django-encryption-example/customers/models.py)):
1. Import any desired field type, for example:
```python
from django_encryption.fields import EncryptedCharField
```
2. For each model field you would like to encrypt, replace the field name with any of the fields you imported in step 1 (For example, `EncryptedCharField`).
You can customize the field by providing additional parameters such as:
- `encryption_type` (**optional**) - Can be `EncryptionType.randomized` or `EncryptionType.deterministic`
- `expiration_secs` (**optional**) - An integer or None. If an integer, the number of seconds before the encrypted data is expired, and cannot be decrypted anymore. Works only with randomized `encryption_type`
- `vault_collection` (**optional**) - The name of the vault collection that this field is related to. Defaults to `settings.VAULT_DEFAULT_COLLECTION`
- `vault_property` (**optional**) - The name of the property in the vault collection that this field is related to. Defaults to the name of the field in django.
- `data_type_name` (**optional**) - The name of the data type in vault. Defaults to 'string'. This only has impact when generating a vault migration, and does not change the way your django model would behave.
- `eager` (default: **true**) - whether or not value will be decrypted (in a batch operation) as soon as it is fetched from the DB. If not, the value will be decrypted the first time it is accessed.
**Note**: use `vault_collection` together with `vault_property` to specify the collection and property in vault that represent this field. This is important for permission control and audit logs. For more advanced use-cases, this would allow you to transition smoothly to using Vault as a secure storage for PII data.
Query your model as usual, keeping the following in mind:
* Read queries are batched. Reading from the Database will generate a single API call per field. Writing to the Database is not batched and will generate an API call for each field in each instance.
* By default all fields are eagerly fetched - similarly to calling prefetch_related(field_name) on a foreign key.
The SDK also supports masking and other vault transformations by using mask(MyModel.my_field) or transform('transformation-name', MyModel.my_field) as part of the query.
- This tells the encryption SDK to mask the values of MyModel.my_field. So for example, for an SSN you would get "**\*-**-6789".
- All vault's supported transformations are also supported using the `transform` context manager. See [Built-in transformations](https://piiano.com/docs/guides/manage-transformations/built-in-transformations) in Vault's API documentation for a list of Vault's supported transformations.
## Sample code
```
from django.db import models
from django_encryption.fields import EncryptedCharField, EncryptedEmailField, EncryptedDateField, EncryptionType
class Customer(models.Model):
name = EncryptedCharField(data_type_name='NAME')
email = EncryptedEmailField(data_type_name='EMAIL')
phone = EncryptedCharField(
data_type_name='PHONE_NUMBER', null=True, blank=True)
ssn = EncryptedCharField(
encryption_type=EncryptionType.randomized, data_type_name='SSN', null=True, blank=True)
dob = EncryptedDateField(
data_type_name='DATE_OF_BIRTH', null=True, blank=True)
state = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
```
You can see a full working example in [our sample](https://github.com/piiano/vault-python/tree/main/examples/django-encryption-example).
## Installation for local development (with VSCode)
1. Clone the repo: `git clone https://github.com/piiano/vault-python`
1. Ensure you have [python poetry](https://python-poetry.org/) installed on your machine (a global installation). Example: `pipx install poetry`
1. Run the following commands from the `sdk/orm-django` directory:
```commandline
poetry install
poetry shell
code .
```
1. To run tests: `python manage.py test`. Tests should also be available from within vscode.
**NOTE** Make sure you have a local copy of vault running on your machine. To do so, follow the [Installations Instructions](https://piiano.com/docs/guides/get-started/).
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Should work with any Python 3.x.\nThis package is compatible with Vault version 1.11.1.\nFor a Vault client compatible with other versions of Vault, check [other versions of this package](https://pypi.org/project/django-encryption/).\n\n\n## Usage\n\nFirst install the library:\n\n```commandline\npip install django-encryption\n```\n\nAdd to your `settings.py` (Example in [here](../../examples/django-encryption-example/vault_sample_django/local_settings_example.py)):\n\n- `VAULT_ADDRESS`\n- `VAULT_API_KEY`\n- `VAULT_DEFAULT_COLLECTION`\n **Note** it is best practice to provide `VAULT_ADDRESS` and `VAULT_API_KEY` via environment variables in production\n- Add `django_encryption` to `INSTALLED_APPS`\n\nIn your `models.py` (Example in [here](../../examples/django-encryption-example/customers/models.py)):\n\n1. Import any desired field type, for example:\n\n```python\nfrom django_encryption.fields import EncryptedCharField\n```\n\n2. For each model field you would like to encrypt, replace the field name with any of the fields you imported in step 1 (For example, `EncryptedCharField`).\n\n You can customize the field by providing additional parameters such as:\n\n - `encryption_type` (**optional**) - Can be `EncryptionType.randomized` or `EncryptionType.deterministic`\n - `expiration_secs` (**optional**) - An integer or None. If an integer, the number of seconds before the encrypted data is expired, and cannot be decrypted anymore. Works only with randomized `encryption_type`\n - `vault_collection` (**optional**) - The name of the vault collection that this field is related to. Defaults to `settings.VAULT_DEFAULT_COLLECTION`\n - `vault_property` (**optional**) - The name of the property in the vault collection that this field is related to. Defaults to the name of the field in django.\n - `data_type_name` (**optional**) - The name of the data type in vault. Defaults to 'string'. This only has impact when generating a vault migration, and does not change the way your django model would behave.\n - `eager` (default: **true**) - whether or not value will be decrypted (in a batch operation) as soon as it is fetched from the DB. If not, the value will be decrypted the first time it is accessed.\n\n **Note**: use `vault_collection` together with `vault_property` to specify the collection and property in vault that represent this field. This is important for permission control and audit logs. For more advanced use-cases, this would allow you to transition smoothly to using Vault as a secure storage for PII data.\n\nQuery your model as usual, keeping the following in mind:\n\n* Read queries are batched. Reading from the Database will generate a single API call per field. Writing to the Database is not batched and will generate an API call for each field in each instance.\n* By default all fields are eagerly fetched - similarly to calling prefetch_related(field_name) on a foreign key.\n\nThe SDK also supports masking and other vault transformations by using mask(MyModel.my_field) or transform('transformation-name', MyModel.my_field) as part of the query.\n\n- This tells the encryption SDK to mask the values of MyModel.my_field. So for example, for an SSN you would get \"**\\*-**-6789\".\n- All vault's supported transformations are also supported using the `transform` context manager. See [Built-in transformations](https://piiano.com/docs/guides/manage-transformations/built-in-transformations) in Vault's API documentation for a list of Vault's supported transformations.\n\n## Sample code\n\n```\nfrom django.db import models\nfrom django_encryption.fields import EncryptedCharField, EncryptedEmailField, EncryptedDateField, EncryptionType\n\n\nclass Customer(models.Model):\n name = EncryptedCharField(data_type_name='NAME')\n email = EncryptedEmailField(data_type_name='EMAIL')\n phone = EncryptedCharField(\n data_type_name='PHONE_NUMBER', null=True, blank=True)\n ssn = EncryptedCharField(\n encryption_type=EncryptionType.randomized, data_type_name='SSN', null=True, blank=True)\n dob = EncryptedDateField(\n data_type_name='DATE_OF_BIRTH', null=True, blank=True)\n state = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)\n```\n\nYou can see a full working example in [our sample](https://github.com/piiano/vault-python/tree/main/examples/django-encryption-example).\n\n## Installation for local development (with VSCode)\n\n1. 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