Welcome to PyHealth!
====================================
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.. -----
.. **Build Status & Coverage & Maintainability & License**
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Citing PyHealth :handshake:
----------------------------------
Yang, Chaoqi, Zhenbang Wu, Patrick Jiang, Zhen Lin, Junyi Gao, Benjamin P. Danek, and Jimeng Sun. 2023. “PyHealth: A Deep Learning Toolkit for Healthcare Applications.” In Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 5788–89. KDD ’23. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery.
.. code-block:: bibtex
@inproceedings{pyhealth2023yang,
author = {Yang, Chaoqi and Wu, Zhenbang and Jiang, Patrick and Lin, Zhen and Gao, Junyi and Danek, Benjamin and Sun, Jimeng},
title = {{PyHealth}: A Deep Learning Toolkit for Healthcare Predictive Modeling},
url = {https://github.com/sunlabuiuc/PyHealth},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) 2023},
year = {2023}
}
Checkout Our KDD'23 Tutorial https://sunlabuiuc.github.io/PyHealth/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PyHealth is a comprehensive deep learning toolkit for supporting clinical predictive modeling, which is designed for both **ML researchers and medical practitioners**. We can make your **healthcare AI applications** easier to deploy and more flexible and customizable. `[Tutorials] <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/>`_
**[News!]** We are continueously implemeting good papers and benchmarks into PyHealth, checkout the `[planned List] <https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PNMgDe-llOm1SM5ZyGLkmPysjC4wwaVblPLAHLxejTw/edit#gid=159213380>`_. Welcome to pick one from the list and send us a PR or add more influential and new papers into the plan list.
.. image:: figure/poster.png
:width: 810
..
1. Installation :rocket:
----------------------------
- You could install from PyPi:
.. code-block:: sh
pip install pyhealth
- or from github source:
.. code-block:: sh
pip install .
2. Introduction :book:
--------------------------
``pyhealth`` provides these functionalities (we are still enriching some modules):
.. image:: figure/overview.png
:width: 770
You can use the following functions independently:
- **Dataset**: ``MIMIC-III``, ``MIMIC-IV``, ``eICU``, ``OMOP-CDM``, ``customized EHR datasets``, etc.
- **Tasks**: ``diagnosis-based drug recommendation``, ``patient hospitalization and mortality prediction``, ``length stay forecasting``, etc.
- **ML models**: ``CNN``, ``LSTM``, ``GRU``, ``LSTM``, ``RETAIN``, ``SafeDrug``, ``Deepr``, etc.
*Building a healthcare AI pipeline can be as short as 10 lines of code in PyHealth*.
3. Build ML Pipelines :trophy:
---------------------------------
All healthcare tasks in our package follow a **five-stage pipeline**:
.. image:: figure/five-stage-pipeline.png
:width: 640
..
We try hard to make sure each stage is as separate as possible, so that people can customize their own pipeline by only using our data processing steps or the ML models.
Module 1: <pyhealth.datasets>
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
``pyhealth.datasets`` provides a clean structure for the dataset, independent from the tasks. We support `MIMIC-III`, `MIMIC-IV` and `eICU`, etc. The output (mimic3base) is a multi-level dictionary structure (see illustration below).
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.datasets import MIMIC3Dataset
mimic3base = MIMIC3Dataset(
# root directory of the dataset
root="https://storage.googleapis.com/pyhealth/Synthetic_MIMIC-III/",
# raw CSV table name
tables=["DIAGNOSES_ICD", "PROCEDURES_ICD", "PRESCRIPTIONS"],
# map all NDC codes to CCS codes in these tables
code_mapping={"NDC": "CCSCM"},
)
.. image:: figure/structured-dataset.png
:width: 400
..
Module 2: <pyhealth.tasks>
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
``pyhealth.tasks`` defines how to process each patient's data into a set of samples for the tasks. In the package, we provide several task examples, such as ``drug recommendation`` and ``length of stay prediction``. **It is easy to customize your own tasks following our** `template <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1r7MYQR_5yCJGpK_9I9-A10HmpupZuIN-?usp=sharing>`_.
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.tasks import readmission_prediction_mimic3_fn
mimic3sample = mimic3base.set_task(task_fn=readmission_prediction_mimic3_fn) # use default task
mimic3sample.samples[0] # show the information of the first sample
"""
{
'visit_id': '100183',
'patient_id': '175',
'conditions': ['5990', '4280', '2851', '4240', '2749', '9982', 'E8499', '42831', '34600'],
'procedures': ['0040', '3931', '7769'],
'drugs': ['N06DA02', 'V06DC01', 'B01AB01', 'A06AA02', 'R03AC02', 'H03AA01', 'J01FA09'],
'label': 0
}
"""
from pyhealth.datasets import split_by_patient, get_dataloader
train_ds, val_ds, test_ds = split_by_patient(mimic3sample, [0.8, 0.1, 0.1])
train_loader = get_dataloader(train_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=True)
val_loader = get_dataloader(val_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)
test_loader = get_dataloader(test_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)
Module 3: <pyhealth.models>
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
``pyhealth.models`` provides different ML models with very similar argument configs.
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.models import Transformer
model = Transformer(
dataset=mimic3sample,
feature_keys=["conditions", "procedures", "drug"],
label_key="label",
mode="binary",
)
Module 4: <pyhealth.trainer>
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
``pyhealth.trainer`` can specify training arguments, such as epochs, optimizer, learning rate, etc. The trainer will automatically save the best model and output the path in the end.
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.trainer import Trainer
trainer = Trainer(model=model)
trainer.train(
train_dataloader=train_loader,
val_dataloader=val_loader,
epochs=50,
monitor="pr_auc_samples",
)
Module 5: <pyhealth.metrics>
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
``pyhealth.metrics`` provides several **common evaluation metrics** (refer to `Doc <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/metrics.html>`_ and see what are available).
.. code-block:: python
# method 1
trainer.evaluate(test_loader)
# method 2
from pyhealth.metrics.binary import binary_metrics_fn
y_true, y_prob, loss = trainer.inference(test_loader)
binary_metrics_fn(y_true, y_prob, metrics=["pr_auc", "roc_auc"])
4. Medical Code Map :hospital:
---------------------------------
``pyhealth.codemap`` provides two core functionalities. **This module can be used independently.**
* For code ontology lookup within one medical coding system (e.g., name, category, sub-concept);
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.medcode import InnerMap
icd9cm = InnerMap.load("ICD9CM")
icd9cm.lookup("428.0")
# `Congestive heart failure, unspecified`
icd9cm.get_ancestors("428.0")
# ['428', '420-429.99', '390-459.99', '001-999.99']
atc = InnerMap.load("ATC")
atc.lookup("M01AE51")
# `ibuprofen, combinations`
atc.lookup("M01AE51", "drugbank_id")
# `DB01050`
atc.lookup("M01AE51", "description")
# Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derived ...
atc.lookup("M01AE51", "indication")
# Ibuprofen is the most commonly used and prescribed NSAID. It is very common over the ...
* For code mapping between two coding systems (e.g., ICD9CM to CCSCM).
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.medcode import CrossMap
codemap = CrossMap.load("ICD9CM", "CCSCM")
codemap.map("428.0")
# ['108']
codemap = CrossMap.load("NDC", "RxNorm")
codemap.map("50580049698")
# ['209387']
codemap = CrossMap.load("NDC", "ATC")
codemap.map("50090539100")
# ['A10AC04', 'A10AD04', 'A10AB04']
5. Medical Code Tokenizer :speech_balloon:
---------------------------------------------
``pyhealth.tokenizer`` is used for transformations between string-based tokens and integer-based indices, based on the overall token space. We provide flexible functions to tokenize 1D, 2D and 3D lists. **This module can be used independently.**
.. code-block:: python
from pyhealth.tokenizer import Tokenizer
# Example: we use a list of ATC3 code as the token
token_space = ['A01A', 'A02A', 'A02B', 'A02X', 'A03A', 'A03B', 'A03C', 'A03D', \
'A03F', 'A04A', 'A05A', 'A05B', 'A05C', 'A06A', 'A07A', 'A07B', 'A07C', \
'A12B', 'A12C', 'A13A', 'A14A', 'A14B', 'A16A']
tokenizer = Tokenizer(tokens=token_space, special_tokens=["<pad>", "<unk>"])
# 2d encode
tokens = [['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A04A', 'B035', 'C129']]
indices = tokenizer.batch_encode_2d(tokens)
# [[8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 1, 1, 0]]
# 2d decode
indices = [[8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 1, 1, 0]]
tokens = tokenizer.batch_decode_2d(indices)
# [['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A04A', '<unk>', '<unk>']]
# 3d encode
tokens = [[['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A08A', 'A09A']], \
[['A04A', 'B035', 'C129']]]
indices = tokenizer.batch_encode_3d(tokens)
# [[[8, 9, 10, 11], [24, 25, 0, 0]], [[12, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]]
# 3d decode
indices = [[[8, 9, 10, 11], [24, 25, 0, 0]], \
[[12, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]]
tokens = tokenizer.batch_decode_3d(indices)
# [[['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A08A', 'A09A']], [['A04A', '<unk>', '<unk>']]]
..
6. Tutorials :teacher:
----------------------------
.. image:: https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg
:target: https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials.html
..
We provide the following tutorials to help users get started with our pyhealth.
`Tutorial 0: Introduction to pyhealth.data <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1y9PawgSbyMbSSMw1dpfwtooH7qzOEYdN?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nk1itBoLOX8&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=2>`__
`Tutorial 1: Introduction to pyhealth.datasets <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/18kbzEQAj1FMs_J9rTGX8eCoxnWdx4Ltn?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1InKqFJbsI&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=3>`__
`Tutorial 2: Introduction to pyhealth.tasks <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1r7MYQR_5yCJGpK_9I9-A10HmpupZuIN-?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxESe1gYWU4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=4>`__
`Tutorial 3: Introduction to pyhealth.models <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1LcXZlu7ZUuqepf269X3FhXuhHeRvaJX5?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRc0ncbTgZA&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=6>`__
`Tutorial 4: Introduction to pyhealth.trainer <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1L1Nz76cRNB7wTp5Pz_4Vp4N2eRZ9R6xl?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Hyw3of5pO4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=7>`__
`Tutorial 5: Introduction to pyhealth.metrics <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Mrs77EJ92HwMgDaElJ_CBXbi4iABZBeo?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-Kx_xCwre4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=8>`__
`Tutorial 6: Introduction to pyhealth.tokenizer <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bDOb0A5g0umBjtz8NIp4wqye7taJ03D0?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeXJtf0lfs0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=10>`__
`Tutorial 7: Introduction to pyhealth.medcode <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1xrp_ACM2_Hg5Wxzj0SKKKgZfMY0WwEj3?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmmfU6_xkYg&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=9>`__
The following tutorials will help users build their own task pipelines.
`Pipeline 1: Drug Recommendation <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/10CSb4F4llYJvv42yTUiRmvSZdoEsbmFF?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__
`Pipeline 2: Length of Stay Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1JoPpXqqB1_lGF1XscBOsDHMLtgvlOYI1?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__
`Pipeline 3: Readmission Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bhCwbXce1YFtVaQLsOt4FcyZJ1_my7Cs?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__
`Pipeline 4: Mortality Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Qblpcv4NWjrnADT66TjBcNwOe8x6wU4c?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__
`Pipeline 5: Sleep Staging <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1mpSeNCAthXG3cqROkdUcUdozIPIMTCuo?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySAIU-rO6so&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=16>`__
We provided the advanced tutorials for supporting various needs.
`Advanced Tutorial 1: Fit your dataset into our pipeline <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1UurxwAAov1bL_5OO3gQJ4gAa_paeJwJp?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw2hGLEQ4Y0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=13>`__
`Advanced Tutorial 2: Define your own healthcare task <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1gK6zPXvfFGBM1uNaLP32BOKrnnJdqRq2?usp=sharing>`_
`Advanced Tutorial 3: Adopt customized model into pyhealth <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1F_NJ90GC8_Eq-vKTf7Tyziew4gWjjKoH?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lADFlcmLtdE&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=14>`__
`Advanced Tutorial 4: Load your own processed data into pyhealth and try out our ML models <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1ZRnKch2EyJLrI3G5AvDXVpeE2wwgBWfw?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw2hGLEQ4Y0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=13>`__
7. Datasets :mountain_snow:
-----------------------------
We provide the processing files for the following open EHR datasets:
=================== ======================================= ======================================== ========================================================================================================
Dataset Module Year Information
=================== ======================================= ======================================== ========================================================================================================
MIMIC-III ``pyhealth.datasets.MIMIC3Dataset`` 2016 `MIMIC-III Clinical Database <https://physionet.org/content/mimiciii/1.4//>`_
MIMIC-IV ``pyhealth.datasets.MIMIC4Dataset`` 2020 `MIMIC-IV Clinical Database <https://physionet.org/content/mimiciv/0.4/>`_
eICU ``pyhealth.datasets.eICUDataset`` 2018 `eICU Collaborative Research Database <https://eicu-crd.mit.edu//>`_
OMOP ``pyhealth.datasets.OMOPDataset`` `OMOP-CDM schema based dataset <https://www.ohdsi.org/data-standardization/the-common-data-model/>`_
SleepEDF ``pyhealth.datasets.SleepEDFDataset`` 2018 `Sleep-EDF dataset <https://physionet.org/content/sleep-edfx/1.0.0/>`_
SHHS ``pyhealth.datasets.SHHSDataset`` 2016 `Sleep Heart Health Study dataset <https://sleepdata.org/datasets/shhs>`_
ISRUC ``pyhealth.datasets.ISRUCDataset`` 2016 `ISRUC-SLEEP dataset <https://sleeptight.isr.uc.pt/?page_id=48>`_
=================== ======================================= ======================================== ========================================================================================================
8. Machine/Deep Learning Models and Benchmarks :airplane:
------------------------------------------------------------
================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================
Model Name Type Module Year Summary Reference
================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================
Multi-layer Perceptron deep learning ``pyhealth.models.MLP`` 1986 MLP treats each feature as static `Backpropagation: theory, architectures, and applications <https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203763247/backpropagation-yves-chauvin-david-rumelhart>`_
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) deep learning ``pyhealth.models.CNN`` 1989 CNN runs on the conceptual patient-by-visit grids `Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Back-Propagation Network <https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/1989/file/53c3bce66e43be4f209556518c2fcb54-Paper.pdf>`_
Recurrent Neural Nets (RNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.RNN`` 2011 RNN (includes LSTM and GRU) can run on any sequential level (e.g., visit by visit sequences) `Recurrent neural network based language model <http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/research/groups/speech/servite/2010/rnnlm_mikolov.pdf>`_
Transformer deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.Transformer`` 2017 Transformer can run on any sequential level (e.g., visit by visit sequences) `Attention Is All You Need <https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762>`_
RETAIN deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.RETAIN`` 2016 RETAIN uses two RNN to learn patient embeddings while providing feature-level and visit-level importance. `RETAIN: An Interpretable Predictive Model for Healthcare using Reverse Time Attention Mechanism <https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05745>`_
GAMENet deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.GAMENet`` 2019 GAMENet uses memory networks, used only for drug recommendation task `GAMENet: Graph Augmented MEmory Networks for Recommending Medication Combination <https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.01852>`_
MICRON deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.MICRON`` 2021 MICRON predicts the future drug combination by instead predicting the changes w.r.t. the current combination, used only for drug recommendation task `Change Matters: Medication Change Prediction with Recurrent Residual Networks <https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2021/0513>`_
SafeDrug deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.SafeDrug`` 2021 SafeDrug encodes drug molecule structures by graph neural networks, used only for drug recommendation task `SafeDrug: Dual Molecular Graph Encoders for Recommending Effective and Safe Drug Combinations <https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.02711>`_
MoleRec deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.MoleRec`` 2023 MoleRec encodes drug molecule in a substructure level as well as the patient's information into a drug combination representation, used only for drug recommendation task `MoleRec: Combinatorial Drug Recommendation with Substructure-Aware Molecular Representation Learning <https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3543507.3583872>`_
Deepr deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.Deepr`` 2017 Deepr is based on 1D CNN. General purpose. `Deepr : A Convolutional Net for Medical Records <https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.07519>`_
ContraWR Encoder (STFT+CNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.ContraWR`` 2021 ContraWR encoder uses short time Fourier transform (STFT) + 2D CNN, used for biosignal learning `Self-supervised EEG Representation Learning for Automatic Sleep Staging <https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.15278>`_
SparcNet (1D CNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.SparcNet`` 2023 SparcNet is based on 1D CNN, used for biosignal learning `Development of Expert-level Classification of Seizures and Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns During EEG Interpretation <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10136013/>`_
TCN deep learning ``pyhealth.models.TCN`` 2018 TCN is based on dilated 1D CNN. General purpose `An Empirical Evaluation of Generic Convolutional and Recurrent Networks for Sequence Modeling <https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.01271>`_
AdaCare deep learning ``pyhealth.models.AdaCare`` 2020 AdaCare uses CNNs with dilated filters to learn enriched patient embedding. It uses feature calibration module to provide the feature-level and visit-level interpretability `AdaCare: Explainable Clinical Health Status Representation Learning via Scale-Adaptive Feature Extraction and Recalibration <https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12205>`_
ConCare deep learning ``pyhealth.models.ConCare`` 2020 ConCare uses transformers to learn patient embedding and calculate inter-feature correlations. `ConCare: Personalized Clinical Feature Embedding via Capturing the Healthcare Context <https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12216>`_
StageNet deep learning ``pyhealth.models.StageNet`` 2020 StageNet uses stage-aware LSTM to conduct clinical predictive tasks while learning patient disease progression stage change unsupervisedly `StageNet: Stage-Aware Neural Networks for Health Risk Prediction <https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10054>`_
Dr. Agent deep learning ``pyhealth.models.Agent`` 2020 Dr. Agent uses two reinforcement learning agents to learn patient embeddings by mimicking clinical second opinions `Dr. Agent: Clinical predictive model via mimicked second opinions <https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article/27/7/1084/5858308>`_
GRASP deep learning ``pyhealth.models.GRASP`` 2021 GRASP uses graph neural network to identify latent patient clusters and uses the clustering information to learn patient `GRASP: Generic Framework for Health Status Representation Learning Based on Incorporating Knowledge from Similar Patients <https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/16152>`_
================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================
* Check the `interactive map on benchmark EHR predictive tasks <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html#benchmark-on-healthcare-tasks>`_.
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"description": "Welcome to PyHealth!\n====================================\n\n.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pyhealth.svg?color=brightgreen\n :target: https://pypi.org/project/pyhealth/\n :alt: PyPI version\n\n\n.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/pyhealth/badge/?version=latest\n :target: https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/\n :alt: Documentation status\n \n\n.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/stars/sunlabuiuc/pyhealth.svg\n :target: https://github.com/sunlabuiuc/pyhealth/stargazers\n :alt: GitHub stars\n\n\n.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/forks/sunlabuiuc/pyhealth.svg?color=blue\n :target: https://github.com/sunlabuiuc/pyhealth/network\n :alt: GitHub forks\n\n\n.. image:: https://static.pepy.tech/badge/pyhealth\n :target: https://pepy.tech/project/pyhealth\n :alt: Downloads\n\n\n.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/Tutorials-Google%20Colab-red\n :target: https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials.html\n :alt: Tutorials\n\n\n.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/YouTube-16%20Videos-red\n :target: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV\n :alt: YouTube\n\n\n\n.. -----\n\n\n.. **Build Status & Coverage & Maintainability & License**\n\n.. .. image:: https://travis-ci.org/yzhao062/pyhealth.svg?branch=master\n.. :target: https://travis-ci.org/yzhao062/pyhealth\n.. :alt: Build Status\n\n\n.. .. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/1kupdy87etks5n3r/branch/master?svg=true\n.. :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/yzhao062/pyhealth/branch/master\n.. :alt: Build status\n\n\n.. .. image:: https://api.codeclimate.com/v1/badges/bdc3d8d0454274c753c4/maintainability\n.. :target: https://codeclimate.com/github/yzhao062/pyhealth/maintainability\n.. :alt: Maintainability\n\n\n.. .. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/license/yzhao062/pyhealth\n.. :target: https://github.com/yzhao062/pyhealth/blob/master/LICENSE\n.. :alt: License\n\n\nCiting PyHealth :handshake:\n----------------------------------\n Yang, Chaoqi, Zhenbang Wu, Patrick Jiang, Zhen Lin, Junyi Gao, Benjamin P. Danek, and Jimeng Sun. 2023. \u201cPyHealth: A Deep Learning Toolkit for Healthcare Applications.\u201d In Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 5788\u201389. KDD \u201923. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery.\n\n.. code-block:: bibtex\n\n @inproceedings{pyhealth2023yang,\n author = {Yang, Chaoqi and Wu, Zhenbang and Jiang, Patrick and Lin, Zhen and Gao, Junyi and Danek, Benjamin and Sun, Jimeng},\n title = {{PyHealth}: A Deep Learning Toolkit for Healthcare Predictive Modeling},\n url = {https://github.com/sunlabuiuc/PyHealth},\n booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) 2023},\n year = {2023}\n }\n\nCheckout Our KDD'23 Tutorial https://sunlabuiuc.github.io/PyHealth/\n----------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\nPyHealth is a comprehensive deep learning toolkit for supporting clinical predictive modeling, which is designed for both **ML researchers and medical practitioners**. We can make your **healthcare AI applications** easier to deploy and more flexible and customizable. `[Tutorials] <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/>`_\n\n **[News!]** We are continueously implemeting good papers and benchmarks into PyHealth, checkout the `[planned List] <https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PNMgDe-llOm1SM5ZyGLkmPysjC4wwaVblPLAHLxejTw/edit#gid=159213380>`_. Welcome to pick one from the list and send us a PR or add more influential and new papers into the plan list.\n\n.. image:: figure/poster.png\n :width: 810\n\n..\n\n1. Installation :rocket:\n----------------------------\n\n- You could install from PyPi:\n\n.. code-block:: sh\n\n pip install pyhealth\n\n- or from github source:\n\n.. code-block:: sh\n\n pip install .\n\n\n2. Introduction :book:\n--------------------------\n``pyhealth`` provides these functionalities (we are still enriching some modules):\n\n.. image:: figure/overview.png\n :width: 770\n\nYou can use the following functions independently:\n\n- **Dataset**: ``MIMIC-III``, ``MIMIC-IV``, ``eICU``, ``OMOP-CDM``, ``customized EHR datasets``, etc.\n- **Tasks**: ``diagnosis-based drug recommendation``, ``patient hospitalization and mortality prediction``, ``length stay forecasting``, etc. \n- **ML models**: ``CNN``, ``LSTM``, ``GRU``, ``LSTM``, ``RETAIN``, ``SafeDrug``, ``Deepr``, etc.\n\n*Building a healthcare AI pipeline can be as short as 10 lines of code in PyHealth*.\n\n\n3. Build ML Pipelines :trophy:\n---------------------------------\n\nAll healthcare tasks in our package follow a **five-stage pipeline**: \n\n.. image:: figure/five-stage-pipeline.png\n :width: 640\n\n..\n\n We try hard to make sure each stage is as separate as possible, so that people can customize their own pipeline by only using our data processing steps or the ML models.\n\nModule 1: <pyhealth.datasets>\n\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\n\n``pyhealth.datasets`` provides a clean structure for the dataset, independent from the tasks. We support `MIMIC-III`, `MIMIC-IV` and `eICU`, etc. The output (mimic3base) is a multi-level dictionary structure (see illustration below).\n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.datasets import MIMIC3Dataset\n\n mimic3base = MIMIC3Dataset(\n # root directory of the dataset\n root=\"https://storage.googleapis.com/pyhealth/Synthetic_MIMIC-III/\", \n # raw CSV table name\n tables=[\"DIAGNOSES_ICD\", \"PROCEDURES_ICD\", \"PRESCRIPTIONS\"],\n # map all NDC codes to CCS codes in these tables\n code_mapping={\"NDC\": \"CCSCM\"},\n )\n\n.. image:: figure/structured-dataset.png\n :width: 400\n\n..\n\nModule 2: <pyhealth.tasks>\n\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\n\n``pyhealth.tasks`` defines how to process each patient's data into a set of samples for the tasks. In the package, we provide several task examples, such as ``drug recommendation`` and ``length of stay prediction``. **It is easy to customize your own tasks following our** `template <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1r7MYQR_5yCJGpK_9I9-A10HmpupZuIN-?usp=sharing>`_.\n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.tasks import readmission_prediction_mimic3_fn\n\n mimic3sample = mimic3base.set_task(task_fn=readmission_prediction_mimic3_fn) # use default task\n mimic3sample.samples[0] # show the information of the first sample\n \"\"\"\n {\n 'visit_id': '100183',\n 'patient_id': '175',\n 'conditions': ['5990', '4280', '2851', '4240', '2749', '9982', 'E8499', '42831', '34600'],\n 'procedures': ['0040', '3931', '7769'],\n 'drugs': ['N06DA02', 'V06DC01', 'B01AB01', 'A06AA02', 'R03AC02', 'H03AA01', 'J01FA09'],\n 'label': 0\n }\n \"\"\"\n\n from pyhealth.datasets import split_by_patient, get_dataloader\n\n train_ds, val_ds, test_ds = split_by_patient(mimic3sample, [0.8, 0.1, 0.1])\n train_loader = get_dataloader(train_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=True)\n val_loader = get_dataloader(val_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)\n test_loader = get_dataloader(test_ds, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)\n\nModule 3: <pyhealth.models>\n\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\n\n``pyhealth.models`` provides different ML models with very similar argument configs.\n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.models import Transformer\n\n model = Transformer(\n dataset=mimic3sample,\n feature_keys=[\"conditions\", \"procedures\", \"drug\"],\n label_key=\"label\",\n mode=\"binary\",\n )\n\nModule 4: <pyhealth.trainer>\n\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\n\n``pyhealth.trainer`` can specify training arguments, such as epochs, optimizer, learning rate, etc. The trainer will automatically save the best model and output the path in the end.\n\n.. code-block:: python\n \n from pyhealth.trainer import Trainer\n\n trainer = Trainer(model=model)\n trainer.train(\n train_dataloader=train_loader,\n val_dataloader=val_loader,\n epochs=50,\n monitor=\"pr_auc_samples\",\n )\n\nModule 5: <pyhealth.metrics>\n\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\n\n``pyhealth.metrics`` provides several **common evaluation metrics** (refer to `Doc <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/metrics.html>`_ and see what are available).\n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n # method 1\n trainer.evaluate(test_loader)\n \n # method 2\n from pyhealth.metrics.binary import binary_metrics_fn\n\n y_true, y_prob, loss = trainer.inference(test_loader)\n binary_metrics_fn(y_true, y_prob, metrics=[\"pr_auc\", \"roc_auc\"])\n\n4. Medical Code Map :hospital: \n---------------------------------\n\n``pyhealth.codemap`` provides two core functionalities. **This module can be used independently.**\n\n* For code ontology lookup within one medical coding system (e.g., name, category, sub-concept); \n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.medcode import InnerMap\n\n icd9cm = InnerMap.load(\"ICD9CM\")\n icd9cm.lookup(\"428.0\")\n # `Congestive heart failure, unspecified`\n icd9cm.get_ancestors(\"428.0\")\n # ['428', '420-429.99', '390-459.99', '001-999.99']\n \n atc = InnerMap.load(\"ATC\")\n atc.lookup(\"M01AE51\")\n # `ibuprofen, combinations`\n atc.lookup(\"M01AE51\", \"drugbank_id\")\n # `DB01050`\n atc.lookup(\"M01AE51\", \"description\")\n # Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derived ...\n atc.lookup(\"M01AE51\", \"indication\")\n # Ibuprofen is the most commonly used and prescribed NSAID. It is very common over the ...\n\n* For code mapping between two coding systems (e.g., ICD9CM to CCSCM). \n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.medcode import CrossMap\n\n codemap = CrossMap.load(\"ICD9CM\", \"CCSCM\")\n codemap.map(\"428.0\")\n # ['108']\n\n codemap = CrossMap.load(\"NDC\", \"RxNorm\")\n codemap.map(\"50580049698\")\n # ['209387']\n\n codemap = CrossMap.load(\"NDC\", \"ATC\")\n codemap.map(\"50090539100\")\n # ['A10AC04', 'A10AD04', 'A10AB04']\n\n5. Medical Code Tokenizer :speech_balloon:\n---------------------------------------------\n\n``pyhealth.tokenizer`` is used for transformations between string-based tokens and integer-based indices, based on the overall token space. We provide flexible functions to tokenize 1D, 2D and 3D lists. **This module can be used independently.**\n\n.. code-block:: python\n\n from pyhealth.tokenizer import Tokenizer\n\n # Example: we use a list of ATC3 code as the token\n token_space = ['A01A', 'A02A', 'A02B', 'A02X', 'A03A', 'A03B', 'A03C', 'A03D', \\\n 'A03F', 'A04A', 'A05A', 'A05B', 'A05C', 'A06A', 'A07A', 'A07B', 'A07C', \\\n 'A12B', 'A12C', 'A13A', 'A14A', 'A14B', 'A16A']\n tokenizer = Tokenizer(tokens=token_space, special_tokens=[\"<pad>\", \"<unk>\"])\n\n # 2d encode \n tokens = [['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A04A', 'B035', 'C129']]\n indices = tokenizer.batch_encode_2d(tokens) \n # [[8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 1, 1, 0]]\n\n # 2d decode \n indices = [[8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 1, 1, 0]]\n tokens = tokenizer.batch_decode_2d(indices)\n # [['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A04A', '<unk>', '<unk>']]\n\n # 3d encode\n tokens = [[['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A08A', 'A09A']], \\\n [['A04A', 'B035', 'C129']]]\n indices = tokenizer.batch_encode_3d(tokens)\n # [[[8, 9, 10, 11], [24, 25, 0, 0]], [[12, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]]\n\n # 3d decode\n indices = [[[8, 9, 10, 11], [24, 25, 0, 0]], \\\n [[12, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]]\n tokens = tokenizer.batch_decode_3d(indices)\n # [[['A03C', 'A03D', 'A03E', 'A03F'], ['A08A', 'A09A']], [['A04A', '<unk>', '<unk>']]]\n..\n\n6. Tutorials :teacher:\n----------------------------\n\n.. image:: https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\n :target: https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials.html\n\n..\n\n We provide the following tutorials to help users get started with our pyhealth. \n\n`Tutorial 0: Introduction to pyhealth.data <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1y9PawgSbyMbSSMw1dpfwtooH7qzOEYdN?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nk1itBoLOX8&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=2>`__ \n\n`Tutorial 1: Introduction to pyhealth.datasets <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/18kbzEQAj1FMs_J9rTGX8eCoxnWdx4Ltn?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1InKqFJbsI&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=3>`__ \n\n`Tutorial 2: Introduction to pyhealth.tasks <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1r7MYQR_5yCJGpK_9I9-A10HmpupZuIN-?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxESe1gYWU4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=4>`__ \n\n`Tutorial 3: Introduction to pyhealth.models <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1LcXZlu7ZUuqepf269X3FhXuhHeRvaJX5?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRc0ncbTgZA&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=6>`__ \n\n`Tutorial 4: Introduction to pyhealth.trainer <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1L1Nz76cRNB7wTp5Pz_4Vp4N2eRZ9R6xl?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Hyw3of5pO4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=7>`__ \n\n`Tutorial 5: Introduction to pyhealth.metrics <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Mrs77EJ92HwMgDaElJ_CBXbi4iABZBeo?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-Kx_xCwre4&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=8>`__ \n\n\n`Tutorial 6: Introduction to pyhealth.tokenizer <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bDOb0A5g0umBjtz8NIp4wqye7taJ03D0?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeXJtf0lfs0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=10>`__ \n\n\n`Tutorial 7: Introduction to pyhealth.medcode <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1xrp_ACM2_Hg5Wxzj0SKKKgZfMY0WwEj3?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmmfU6_xkYg&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=9>`__ \n\n\n The following tutorials will help users build their own task pipelines.\n\n`Pipeline 1: Drug Recommendation <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/10CSb4F4llYJvv42yTUiRmvSZdoEsbmFF?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://\nwww.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__ \n\n`Pipeline 2: Length of Stay Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1JoPpXqqB1_lGF1XscBOsDHMLtgvlOYI1?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://\nwww.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__ \n\n`Pipeline 3: Readmission Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bhCwbXce1YFtVaQLsOt4FcyZJ1_my7Cs?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://\nwww.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__ \n\n`Pipeline 4: Mortality Prediction <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Qblpcv4NWjrnADT66TjBcNwOe8x6wU4c?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://\nwww.youtube.com/watch?v=GGP3Dhfyisc&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=12>`__ \n\n`Pipeline 5: Sleep Staging <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1mpSeNCAthXG3cqROkdUcUdozIPIMTCuo?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySAIU-rO6so&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=16>`__ \n\n\n We provided the advanced tutorials for supporting various needs. \n\n`Advanced Tutorial 1: Fit your dataset into our pipeline <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1UurxwAAov1bL_5OO3gQJ4gAa_paeJwJp?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw2hGLEQ4Y0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=13>`__ \n\n`Advanced Tutorial 2: Define your own healthcare task <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1gK6zPXvfFGBM1uNaLP32BOKrnnJdqRq2?usp=sharing>`_ \n\n`Advanced Tutorial 3: Adopt customized model into pyhealth <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1F_NJ90GC8_Eq-vKTf7Tyziew4gWjjKoH?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lADFlcmLtdE&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=14>`__ \n\n`Advanced Tutorial 4: Load your own processed data into pyhealth and try out our ML models <https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1ZRnKch2EyJLrI3G5AvDXVpeE2wwgBWfw?usp=sharing>`_ `[Video] <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw2hGLEQ4Y0&list=PLR3CNIF8DDHJUl8RLhyOVpX_kT4bxulEV&index=13>`__ \n\n\n7. Datasets :mountain_snow:\n-----------------------------\nWe provide the processing files for the following open EHR datasets:\n\n=================== ======================================= ======================================== ======================================================================================================== \nDataset Module Year Information \n=================== ======================================= ======================================== ========================================================================================================\nMIMIC-III ``pyhealth.datasets.MIMIC3Dataset`` 2016 `MIMIC-III Clinical Database <https://physionet.org/content/mimiciii/1.4//>`_ \nMIMIC-IV ``pyhealth.datasets.MIMIC4Dataset`` 2020 `MIMIC-IV Clinical Database <https://physionet.org/content/mimiciv/0.4/>`_ \neICU ``pyhealth.datasets.eICUDataset`` 2018 `eICU Collaborative Research Database <https://eicu-crd.mit.edu//>`_ \nOMOP ``pyhealth.datasets.OMOPDataset`` `OMOP-CDM schema based dataset <https://www.ohdsi.org/data-standardization/the-common-data-model/>`_ \nSleepEDF ``pyhealth.datasets.SleepEDFDataset`` 2018 `Sleep-EDF dataset <https://physionet.org/content/sleep-edfx/1.0.0/>`_\nSHHS ``pyhealth.datasets.SHHSDataset`` 2016 `Sleep Heart Health Study dataset <https://sleepdata.org/datasets/shhs>`_ \nISRUC ``pyhealth.datasets.ISRUCDataset`` 2016 `ISRUC-SLEEP dataset <https://sleeptight.isr.uc.pt/?page_id=48>`_ \n=================== ======================================= ======================================== ========================================================================================================\n\n\n8. Machine/Deep Learning Models and Benchmarks :airplane:\n------------------------------------------------------------\n\n================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================\nModel Name Type Module Year Summary Reference\n================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================\nMulti-layer Perceptron deep learning ``pyhealth.models.MLP`` 1986 MLP treats each feature as static `Backpropagation: theory, architectures, and applications <https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203763247/backpropagation-yves-chauvin-david-rumelhart>`_\nConvolutional Neural Network (CNN) deep learning ``pyhealth.models.CNN`` 1989 CNN runs on the conceptual patient-by-visit grids `Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Back-Propagation Network <https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/1989/file/53c3bce66e43be4f209556518c2fcb54-Paper.pdf>`_\nRecurrent Neural Nets (RNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.RNN`` 2011 RNN (includes LSTM and GRU) can run on any sequential level (e.g., visit by visit sequences) `Recurrent neural network based language model <http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/research/groups/speech/servite/2010/rnnlm_mikolov.pdf>`_\nTransformer deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.Transformer`` 2017 Transformer can run on any sequential level (e.g., visit by visit sequences) `Attention Is All You Need <https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762>`_\nRETAIN deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.RETAIN`` 2016 RETAIN uses two RNN to learn patient embeddings while providing feature-level and visit-level importance. `RETAIN: An Interpretable Predictive Model for Healthcare using Reverse Time Attention Mechanism <https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05745>`_\nGAMENet deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.GAMENet`` 2019 GAMENet uses memory networks, used only for drug recommendation task `GAMENet: Graph Augmented MEmory Networks for Recommending Medication Combination <https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.01852>`_\nMICRON deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.MICRON`` 2021 MICRON predicts the future drug combination by instead predicting the changes w.r.t. the current combination, used only for drug recommendation task `Change Matters: Medication Change Prediction with Recurrent Residual Networks <https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2021/0513>`_\nSafeDrug deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.SafeDrug`` 2021 SafeDrug encodes drug molecule structures by graph neural networks, used only for drug recommendation task `SafeDrug: Dual Molecular Graph Encoders for Recommending Effective and Safe Drug Combinations <https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.02711>`_\nMoleRec deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.MoleRec`` 2023 MoleRec encodes drug molecule in a substructure level as well as the patient's information into a drug combination representation, used only for drug recommendation task `MoleRec: Combinatorial Drug Recommendation with Substructure-Aware Molecular Representation Learning <https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3543507.3583872>`_\nDeepr deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.Deepr`` 2017 Deepr is based on 1D CNN. General purpose. `Deepr : A Convolutional Net for Medical Records <https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.07519>`_\nContraWR Encoder (STFT+CNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.ContraWR`` 2021 ContraWR encoder uses short time Fourier transform (STFT) + 2D CNN, used for biosignal learning `Self-supervised EEG Representation Learning for Automatic Sleep Staging <https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.15278>`_\nSparcNet (1D CNN) deep Learning ``pyhealth.models.SparcNet`` 2023 SparcNet is based on 1D CNN, used for biosignal learning `Development of Expert-level Classification of Seizures and Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns During EEG Interpretation <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10136013/>`_\nTCN deep learning ``pyhealth.models.TCN`` 2018 TCN is based on dilated 1D CNN. General purpose `An Empirical Evaluation of Generic Convolutional and Recurrent Networks for Sequence Modeling <https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.01271>`_\nAdaCare deep learning ``pyhealth.models.AdaCare`` 2020 AdaCare uses CNNs with dilated filters to learn enriched patient embedding. It uses feature calibration module to provide the feature-level and visit-level interpretability `AdaCare: Explainable Clinical Health Status Representation Learning via Scale-Adaptive Feature Extraction and Recalibration <https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12205>`_\nConCare deep learning ``pyhealth.models.ConCare`` 2020 ConCare uses transformers to learn patient embedding and calculate inter-feature correlations. `ConCare: Personalized Clinical Feature Embedding via Capturing the Healthcare Context <https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12216>`_\nStageNet deep learning ``pyhealth.models.StageNet`` 2020 StageNet uses stage-aware LSTM to conduct clinical predictive tasks while learning patient disease progression stage change unsupervisedly `StageNet: Stage-Aware Neural Networks for Health Risk Prediction <https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10054>`_\nDr. Agent deep learning ``pyhealth.models.Agent`` 2020 Dr. Agent uses two reinforcement learning agents to learn patient embeddings by mimicking clinical second opinions `Dr. Agent: Clinical predictive model via mimicked second opinions <https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article/27/7/1084/5858308>`_\nGRASP deep learning ``pyhealth.models.GRASP`` 2021 GRASP uses graph neural network to identify latent patient clusters and uses the clustering information to learn patient `GRASP: Generic Framework for Health Status Representation Learning Based on Incorporating Knowledge from Similar Patients <https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/16152>`_\n================================== ================ ================================= ====== ============================================================================================================================================================================ =======================================================================================================================================================================================\n\n* Check the `interactive map on benchmark EHR predictive tasks <https://pyhealth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html#benchmark-on-healthcare-tasks>`_.\n\n\n\n",
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