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# rest-tools
This project contains REST tools in python, as common code for multiple other
projects under https://github.com/WIPACrepo.
All code uses python [asyncio](https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html),
so is fully asyncronous.
Note that both the client and server assume starting the asyncio loop
happens elsewhere - they do not start the loop themselves.
## Client
A REST API client exists under `rest_tools.client`. Use as:
```python
from rest_tools.client import RestClient
api = RestClient('http://my.site.here/api', token='XXXX')
ret = await api.request('GET', '/fruits/apple')
ret = await api.request('POST', '/fruits', {'name': 'banana'})
```
There are several variations of the client for OAuth2/OpenID support:
* [`OpenIDRestClient`](rest_tools/client/openid_client.py#L19) : A child of
`RestClient` that supports OAuth2 token refresh using the OpenID Connect
Discovery protocol for an authentication server.
* [`ClientCredentialsAuth`](rest_tools/client/client_credentials.py#L11) : Uses
`OpenIDRestClient` in combination with OAuth2 client credentials (client ID
and secret) for service-based auth. Use this for long-lived services that
need to perform REST API calls.
* [`DeviceGrantAuth`](rest_tools/client/device_client.py#L125) /
[`SavedDeviceGrantAuth`](rest_tools/client/device_client.py#L162) : Uses
`OpenIDRestClient` to perform a "device" login for a user. Use this for
user-based terminal applications that need to perform REST API calls.
The `SavedDeviceGrantAuth` can save the refresh token to disk, allowing
repeated application sessions without having to log in again.
## Server
A REST API server exists under `rest_tools.server`. Use as:
```python
import asyncio
from rest_tools.server import RestServer, RestHandler
class Fruits(RestHandler):
def post(self):
# handle a new fruit
self.write({})
server = RestServer()
server.add_route('/fruits', Fruits)
server.startup(address='my.site.here', port=8080)
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_forever()
```
The server uses [Tornado](https://tornado.readthedocs.io) to handle HTTP
connections. It is recommended to use Apache or Nginx as a front-facing proxy,
to handle TLS sessions and non-standard HTTP requests in production.
### Handling Arguments Server-side
`server.ArgumentHandler` is a robust wrapper around `argparse.ArgumentParser`, extended for use in handling REST arguments, both query arguments and JSON-encoded body arguments. The intended design of this class is to follow the `argparse` pattern as closely as possible.
```python
from rest_tools.server import RestHandler, ArgumentHandler, ArgumentSource
class Fruits(RestHandler):
def get(self):
argo = ArgumentHandler(ArgumentSource.QUERY_ARGUMENTS, self)
argo.add_argument('name', type=str) # de-facto required
argo.add_argument('alias', dest='other_names', type=str, nargs='*', default=[]) # list
argo.add_argument('is-citrus', type=bool, default=False)
argo.add_argument('amount', type=float, required=True)
args = argo.parse_args()
fruit = get_fruit(args.name, args.other_names, args.is_citrus, args.amount)
...
def post(self):
argo = ArgumentHandler(ArgumentSource.JSON_BODY_ARGUMENTS, self)
argo.add_argument('name', type=str) # de-facto required
argo.add_argument('other-names', type=list, default=[])
argo.add_argument('supply', type=dict, required=True)
def _origin(val):
try:
return {'USA': 'United States of America', 'MEX': 'Mexico'}[val]
except KeyError:
# raise a ValueError or TypeError to propagate a 400 Error
raise ValueError('Invalid origin')
argo.add_argument('country_code', dest='origin', type=_origin, required=True)
args = argo.parse_args()
add_to_basket(args.name, args.other_names, args.supply, args.origin)
...
```
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