**Attention:** this backport module isn't maintained anymore. If you want to report issues or contribute patches, please consider the `pathlib2 <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pathlib2/>`_ project instead.
Description
-----------
pathlib offers a set of classes to handle filesystem paths. It offers the
following advantages over using string objects:
* No more cumbersome use of os and os.path functions. Everything can be
done easily through operators, attribute accesses, and method calls.
* Embodies the semantics of different path types. For example, comparing
Windows paths ignores casing.
* Well-defined semantics, eliminating any warts or ambiguities (forward vs.
backward slashes, etc.).
Requirements
------------
Python 3.2 or later is recommended, but pathlib is also usable with Python 2.7
and 2.6.
Install
-------
In Python 3.4, pathlib is now part of the standard library. For Python 3.3
and earlier, ``easy_install pathlib`` or ``pip install pathlib`` should do
the trick.
Examples
--------
Importing the module classes::
>>> from pathlib import *
Listing Python source files in a directory::
>>> list(p.glob('*.py'))
[PosixPath('test_pathlib.py'), PosixPath('setup.py'),
PosixPath('pathlib.py')]
Navigating inside a directory tree::
>>> p = Path('/etc')
>>> q = p / 'init.d' / 'reboot'
>>> q
PosixPath('/etc/init.d/reboot')
>>> q.resolve()
PosixPath('/etc/rc.d/init.d/halt')
Querying path properties::
>>> q.exists()
True
>>> q.is_dir()
False
Opening a file::
>>> with q.open() as f: f.readline()
...
'#!/bin/bash\n'
Documentation
-------------
The full documentation can be read at `Read the Docs
<https://pathlib.readthedocs.org/>`_.
Contributing
------------
Main development now takes place in the Python standard library: see
the `Python developer's guide <http://docs.python.org/devguide/>`_, and
report issues on the `Python bug tracker <http://bugs.python.org/>`_.
However, if you find an issue specific to prior versions of Python
(such as 2.7 or 3.2), you can post an issue on the
`BitBucket project page <https://bitbucket.org/pitrou/pathlib/>`_.
History
-------
Version 1.0.1
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- Pull request #4: Python 2.6 compatibility by eevee.
Version 1.0
^^^^^^^^^^^
This version brings ``pathlib`` up to date with the official Python 3.4
release, and also fixes a couple of 2.7-specific issues.
- Python issue #20765: Add missing documentation for PurePath.with_name()
and PurePath.with_suffix().
- Fix test_mkdir_parents when the working directory has additional bits
set (such as the setgid or sticky bits).
- Python issue #20111: pathlib.Path.with_suffix() now sanity checks the
given suffix.
- Python issue #19918: Fix PurePath.relative_to() under Windows.
- Python issue #19921: When Path.mkdir() is called with parents=True, any
missing parent is created with the default permissions, ignoring the mode
argument (mimicking the POSIX "mkdir -p" command).
- Python issue #19887: Improve the Path.resolve() algorithm to support
certain symlink chains.
- Make pathlib usable under Python 2.7 with unicode pathnames (only pure
ASCII, though).
- Issue #21: fix TypeError under Python 2.7 when using new division.
- Add tox support for easier testing.
Version 0.97
^^^^^^^^^^^^
This version brings ``pathlib`` up to date with the final API specified
in :pep:`428`. The changes are too long to list here, it is recommended
to read the `documentation <https://pathlib.readthedocs.org/>`_.
.. warning::
The API in this version is partially incompatible with pathlib 0.8 and
earlier. Be sure to check your code for possible breakage!
Version 0.8
^^^^^^^^^^^
- Add PurePath.name and PurePath.anchor.
- Add Path.owner and Path.group.
- Add Path.replace().
- Add Path.as_uri().
- Issue #10: when creating a file with Path.open(), don't set the executable
bit.
- Issue #11: fix comparisons with non-Path objects.
Version 0.7
^^^^^^^^^^^
- Add '**' (recursive) patterns to Path.glob().
- Fix openat() support after the API refactoring in Python 3.3 beta1.
- Add a *target_is_directory* argument to Path.symlink_to()
Version 0.6
^^^^^^^^^^^
- Add Path.is_file() and Path.is_symlink()
- Add Path.glob() and Path.rglob()
- Add PurePath.match()
Version 0.5
^^^^^^^^^^^
- Add Path.mkdir().
- Add Python 2.7 compatibility by Michele Lacchia.
- Make parent() raise ValueError when the level is greater than the path
length.
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