cappr


Namecappr JSON
Version 0.9.6 PyPI version JSON
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SummaryCompletion After Prompt Probability. Make your LLM make a choice
upload_time2024-11-02 02:46:08
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requires_python>=3.8
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            # CAPPr: Completion After Prompt Probability

[![Python 3.8+](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.8+-blue.svg?logo=python&style=for-the-badge)](https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-380/)
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[![codecov](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/kddubey/cappr?token=NYIL076PSM&style=for-the-badge&logo=codecov&color=%2309BC00)](https://codecov.io/gh/kddubey/cappr)
[![PyPI - Package Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/cappr?logo=pypi&style=for-the-badge&color=orange)](https://pypi.org/project/cappr/)
[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-purple.svg?logo=apache&style=for-the-badge)](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)

<!-- [![Documentation Status](https://readthedocs.org/projects/cappr/badge/?version=latest&style=for-the-badge)](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest) -->

Make your LLM pick from a list of choices. <br>
Or compute the probability of a completion given a prompt, which may be
[useful](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/related_work.html). <br>
Squeeze [more](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/statistical_performance.html) out
of open source LLMs.


## Usage

<details>
<summary>Use a GGUF model</summary>

```python
from llama_cpp import Llama
from cappr.llama_cpp.classify import predict

model = Llama("./TinyLLama-v0.Q8_0.gguf", verbose=False)

prompt = """Gary told Spongebob a story:
There once was a man from Peru; who dreamed he was eating his shoe. He
woke with a fright, in the middle of the night, to find that his dream
had come true.

The moral of the story is to"""

completions = (
  "look at the bright side",
  "use your imagination",
  "eat shoes",
)

pred = predict(prompt, completions, model)
print(pred)
# use your imagination
```

See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#llama-cpp)
for more info on using GGUF models.
</details>


<details>
<summary>Use a Hugging Face transformers model</summary>

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from cappr.huggingface.classify import predict

model_name = "gpt2"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)

prompt = "Which planet is closer to the Sun: Mercury or Earth?"
completions = ("Mercury", "Earth")

pred = predict(prompt, completions, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer))
print(pred)
# Mercury
```

See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#hugging-face)
for more info on using ``transformers`` models.
</details>


<details>
<summary>Cache instructions to save time</summary>

Many prompts start with the same set of instructions, e.g., a system prompt plus a
handful of example input-output pairs. Instead of repeatedly running the model on common
instructions, cache them so that future computations are faster.

Here's an
example using
[`cappr.huggingface.classify.cache_model`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.huggingface.classify.html#cappr.huggingface.classify.cache_model).

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from cappr.huggingface.classify import cache_model, predict

# Load model and tokenizer
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")
model_and_tokenizer = (model, tokenizer)

# Create data
prompt_prefix = '''Instructions: complete the sequence.
Here are examples:
A, B, C => D
1, 2, 3 => 4

Complete this sequence:'''

prompts = ["X, Y =>", "10, 9, 8 =>"]
completions = ["7", "Z", "Hi"]

# Cache prompt_prefix because it's used for all prompts
cached_model_and_tokenizer = cache_model(
    model_and_tokenizer, prompt_prefix
)

# Compute
preds = predict(
    prompts, completions, cached_model_and_tokenizer
)
print(preds)
# ['Z', '7']
```
</details>


<details>
<summary>Compute token-level log-probabilities</summary>

Here's an example using
[`cappr.huggingface.classify.log_probs_conditional`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.huggingface.classify.html#cappr.huggingface.classify.log_probs_conditional).

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from cappr.huggingface.classify import log_probs_conditional

# Load model and tokenizer
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")

# Create data
prompts = ["x y", "a b c"]
completions = ["z", "d e"]

# Compute
log_probs_completions = log_probs_conditional(
    prompts, completions, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer)
)

# Outputs (rounded) next to their symbolic representation

print(log_probs_completions[0])
# [[-4.5],        [[log Pr(z | x, y)],
#  [-5.6, -3.2]]   [log Pr(d | x, y),    log Pr(e | x, y, d)]]

print(log_probs_completions[1])
# [[-9.7],        [[log Pr(z | a, b, c)],
#  [-0.2, -0.03]]  [log Pr(d | a, b, c), log Pr(e | a, b, c, d)]]
```

Efficiently aggregate these log-probabilities using
[`cappr.utils.classify.agg_log_probs`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.utils.classify.html#cappr.utils.classify.agg_log_probs).

For a slightly more advanced demo, see
[`./demos/huggingface/dpo.ipynb`](./demos/huggingface/dpo.ipynb).

</details>


<details>
<summary>Extract the final answer from a step-by-step completion</summary>

Step-by-step and chain-of-thought prompts are highly effective ways to get an LLM to
"reason" about more complex tasks. But if you need a structured output, a step-by-step
completion is unwieldy. Use CAPPr to extract the final answer from these types of
completions, given a list of possible answers.

See this idea in action [here in the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_prompt_completion_format.html#wrangle-step-by-step-completions).
</details>


<details>
<summary>Run in batches, predict probabilities</summary>

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from cappr.huggingface.classify import predict_proba

# Load a model and its tokenizer
model_name = "gpt2"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)

prompts = [
    "Stephen Curry is a",
    "Martina Navratilova was a",
    "Dexter, from the TV Series Dexter's Laboratory, is a",
    "LeBron James is a",
]

# Each of the prompts could be completed with one of these:
class_names = ("basketball player", "tennis player", "scientist")
prior =       (      1/6,                1/6,            2/3    )
# Say I expect most of my data to have scientists

# Run CAPPr
pred_probs = predict_proba(
    prompts=prompts,
    completions=class_names,
    model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer),
    batch_size=2,  # whatever fits on your CPU/GPU
    prior=prior,
)

# pred_probs[i,j] = probability that prompts[i] is classified as class_names[j]
print(pred_probs.round(1))
# [[0.5 0.3 0.2]
#  [0.3 0.6 0.2]
#  [0.1 0.1 0.8]
#  [0.8 0.2 0. ]]

# For each prompt, which completion is most likely?
pred_class_idxs = pred_probs.argmax(axis=-1)
preds = [class_names[pred_class_idx] for pred_class_idx in pred_class_idxs]
print(preds)
# ['basketball player',
#  'tennis player',
#  'scientist',
#  'basketball player']
```
</details>


<details>
<summary>Run in batches, where each prompt has a different set of possible completions
</summary>

Again, let's predict probabilities.

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from cappr.huggingface.classify import predict_proba_examples
from cappr import Example

# Load a model and its tokenizer
model_name = "gpt2"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)

# Create a sequence of Example objects representing your classification tasks
examples = [
    Example(
        prompt="Jodie Foster played",
        completions=("Clarice Starling", "Trinity in The Matrix"),
    ),
    Example(
        prompt="Batman, from Batman: The Animated Series, was played by",
        completions=("Pete Holmes", "Kevin Conroy", "Spongebob!"),
        prior=      (     1/3      ,      2/3     ,      0      ),
    ),
]

# Run CAPPr
pred_probs = predict_proba_examples(
    examples, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer)
)

# pred_probs[i][j] = probability that examples[i].prompt is classified as
# examples[i].completions[j]
print([example_pred_probs.round(2) for example_pred_probs in pred_probs])
# [array([0.7, 0.3]),
#  array([0.03, 0.97, 0.  ])]

# For each example, which completion is most likely?
pred_class_idxs = [
    example_pred_probs.argmax() for example_pred_probs in pred_probs
]
preds = [
    example.completions[pred_class_idx]
    for example, pred_class_idx in zip(examples, pred_class_idxs)
]
print(preds)
# ['Clarice Starling',
#  'Kevin Conroy']
```
</details>


See the [`demos`](https://github.com/kddubey/cappr/blob/main/demos/) for demonstrations
of slightly harder classification tasks.

For CAPPr, GPTQ models are the most computationally performant. These models are
compatible with `cappr.huggingface.classify`. See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#hugging-face)
for more info on using these models.


## Documentation

https://cappr.readthedocs.io


## Installation

See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html).


## Related work

See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/related_work.html).


## Motivation

Reduce engineering complexity.

See [this page of the
documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/motivation.html) for more info.


## Performance

[Statistical performance](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/statistical_performance.html)

[Computational performance](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/computational_performance.html)


## How it works

You input a `prompt` string, a `end_of_prompt` string (a whitespace or empty) and a set
of candidate `completion` strings such that the string—

```python
{prompt}{end_of_prompt}{completion}
```

—is a naturally flowing thought. CAPPr picks the `completion` which is mostly likely to
follow `prompt` by computing the—

> **C**ompletion<br>
  **A**fter<br>
  **P**rompt<br>
  **Pr**obability<br>

—as fleshed out in my [question on Cross
Validated](https://stats.stackexchange.com/q/601159/337906).


## Local development

See [this page of the documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/local.html).


## Todo

I'm dumping todos here:

[Code changes](https://github.com/users/kddubey/projects/1/views/1)

[Reseach experiments](https://github.com/users/kddubey/projects/2)

Feel free to raise issues ofc

            

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    "description": "# CAPPr: Completion After Prompt Probability\n\n[![Python 3.8+](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.8+-blue.svg?logo=python&style=for-the-badge)](https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-380/)\n[![tests](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/kddubey/cappr/test.yml?style=for-the-badge&logo=github&label=tests)](https://github.com/kddubey/cappr/actions/workflows/test.yml)\n[![codecov](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/kddubey/cappr?token=NYIL076PSM&style=for-the-badge&logo=codecov&color=%2309BC00)](https://codecov.io/gh/kddubey/cappr)\n[![PyPI - Package Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/cappr?logo=pypi&style=for-the-badge&color=orange)](https://pypi.org/project/cappr/)\n[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-purple.svg?logo=apache&style=for-the-badge)](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)\n\n<!-- [![Documentation Status](https://readthedocs.org/projects/cappr/badge/?version=latest&style=for-the-badge)](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest) -->\n\nMake your LLM pick from a list of choices. <br>\nOr compute the probability of a completion given a prompt, which may be\n[useful](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/related_work.html). <br>\nSqueeze [more](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/statistical_performance.html) out\nof open source LLMs.\n\n\n## Usage\n\n<details>\n<summary>Use a GGUF model</summary>\n\n```python\nfrom llama_cpp import Llama\nfrom cappr.llama_cpp.classify import predict\n\nmodel = Llama(\"./TinyLLama-v0.Q8_0.gguf\", verbose=False)\n\nprompt = \"\"\"Gary told Spongebob a story:\nThere once was a man from Peru; who dreamed he was eating his shoe. He\nwoke with a fright, in the middle of the night, to find that his dream\nhad come true.\n\nThe moral of the story is to\"\"\"\n\ncompletions = (\n  \"look at the bright side\",\n  \"use your imagination\",\n  \"eat shoes\",\n)\n\npred = predict(prompt, completions, model)\nprint(pred)\n# use your imagination\n```\n\nSee [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#llama-cpp)\nfor more info on using GGUF models.\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Use a Hugging Face transformers model</summary>\n\n```python\nfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer\nfrom cappr.huggingface.classify import predict\n\nmodel_name = \"gpt2\"\nmodel = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)\ntokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)\n\nprompt = \"Which planet is closer to the Sun: Mercury or Earth?\"\ncompletions = (\"Mercury\", \"Earth\")\n\npred = predict(prompt, completions, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer))\nprint(pred)\n# Mercury\n```\n\nSee [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#hugging-face)\nfor more info on using ``transformers`` models.\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Cache instructions to save time</summary>\n\nMany prompts start with the same set of instructions, e.g., a system prompt plus a\nhandful of example input-output pairs. Instead of repeatedly running the model on common\ninstructions, cache them so that future computations are faster.\n\nHere's an\nexample using\n[`cappr.huggingface.classify.cache_model`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.huggingface.classify.html#cappr.huggingface.classify.cache_model).\n\n```python\nfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer\nfrom cappr.huggingface.classify import cache_model, predict\n\n# Load model and tokenizer\nmodel = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(\"gpt2\")\ntokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(\"gpt2\")\nmodel_and_tokenizer = (model, tokenizer)\n\n# Create data\nprompt_prefix = '''Instructions: complete the sequence.\nHere are examples:\nA, B, C => D\n1, 2, 3 => 4\n\nComplete this sequence:'''\n\nprompts = [\"X, Y =>\", \"10, 9, 8 =>\"]\ncompletions = [\"7\", \"Z\", \"Hi\"]\n\n# Cache prompt_prefix because it's used for all prompts\ncached_model_and_tokenizer = cache_model(\n    model_and_tokenizer, prompt_prefix\n)\n\n# Compute\npreds = predict(\n    prompts, completions, cached_model_and_tokenizer\n)\nprint(preds)\n# ['Z', '7']\n```\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Compute token-level log-probabilities</summary>\n\nHere's an example using\n[`cappr.huggingface.classify.log_probs_conditional`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.huggingface.classify.html#cappr.huggingface.classify.log_probs_conditional).\n\n```python\nfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer\nfrom cappr.huggingface.classify import log_probs_conditional\n\n# Load model and tokenizer\nmodel = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(\"gpt2\")\ntokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(\"gpt2\")\n\n# Create data\nprompts = [\"x y\", \"a b c\"]\ncompletions = [\"z\", \"d e\"]\n\n# Compute\nlog_probs_completions = log_probs_conditional(\n    prompts, completions, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer)\n)\n\n# Outputs (rounded) next to their symbolic representation\n\nprint(log_probs_completions[0])\n# [[-4.5],        [[log Pr(z | x, y)],\n#  [-5.6, -3.2]]   [log Pr(d | x, y),    log Pr(e | x, y, d)]]\n\nprint(log_probs_completions[1])\n# [[-9.7],        [[log Pr(z | a, b, c)],\n#  [-0.2, -0.03]]  [log Pr(d | a, b, c), log Pr(e | a, b, c, d)]]\n```\n\nEfficiently aggregate these log-probabilities using\n[`cappr.utils.classify.agg_log_probs`](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cappr.utils.classify.html#cappr.utils.classify.agg_log_probs).\n\nFor a slightly more advanced demo, see\n[`./demos/huggingface/dpo.ipynb`](./demos/huggingface/dpo.ipynb).\n\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Extract the final answer from a step-by-step completion</summary>\n\nStep-by-step and chain-of-thought prompts are highly effective ways to get an LLM to\n\"reason\" about more complex tasks. But if you need a structured output, a step-by-step\ncompletion is unwieldy. Use CAPPr to extract the final answer from these types of\ncompletions, given a list of possible answers.\n\nSee this idea in action [here in the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_prompt_completion_format.html#wrangle-step-by-step-completions).\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Run in batches, predict probabilities</summary>\n\n```python\nfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer\nfrom cappr.huggingface.classify import predict_proba\n\n# Load a model and its tokenizer\nmodel_name = \"gpt2\"\nmodel = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)\ntokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)\n\nprompts = [\n    \"Stephen Curry is a\",\n    \"Martina Navratilova was a\",\n    \"Dexter, from the TV Series Dexter's Laboratory, is a\",\n    \"LeBron James is a\",\n]\n\n# Each of the prompts could be completed with one of these:\nclass_names = (\"basketball player\", \"tennis player\", \"scientist\")\nprior =       (      1/6,                1/6,            2/3    )\n# Say I expect most of my data to have scientists\n\n# Run CAPPr\npred_probs = predict_proba(\n    prompts=prompts,\n    completions=class_names,\n    model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer),\n    batch_size=2,  # whatever fits on your CPU/GPU\n    prior=prior,\n)\n\n# pred_probs[i,j] = probability that prompts[i] is classified as class_names[j]\nprint(pred_probs.round(1))\n# [[0.5 0.3 0.2]\n#  [0.3 0.6 0.2]\n#  [0.1 0.1 0.8]\n#  [0.8 0.2 0. ]]\n\n# For each prompt, which completion is most likely?\npred_class_idxs = pred_probs.argmax(axis=-1)\npreds = [class_names[pred_class_idx] for pred_class_idx in pred_class_idxs]\nprint(preds)\n# ['basketball player',\n#  'tennis player',\n#  'scientist',\n#  'basketball player']\n```\n</details>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary>Run in batches, where each prompt has a different set of possible completions\n</summary>\n\nAgain, let's predict probabilities.\n\n```python\nfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer\nfrom cappr.huggingface.classify import predict_proba_examples\nfrom cappr import Example\n\n# Load a model and its tokenizer\nmodel_name = \"gpt2\"\nmodel = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)\ntokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)\n\n# Create a sequence of Example objects representing your classification tasks\nexamples = [\n    Example(\n        prompt=\"Jodie Foster played\",\n        completions=(\"Clarice Starling\", \"Trinity in The Matrix\"),\n    ),\n    Example(\n        prompt=\"Batman, from Batman: The Animated Series, was played by\",\n        completions=(\"Pete Holmes\", \"Kevin Conroy\", \"Spongebob!\"),\n        prior=      (     1/3      ,      2/3     ,      0      ),\n    ),\n]\n\n# Run CAPPr\npred_probs = predict_proba_examples(\n    examples, model_and_tokenizer=(model, tokenizer)\n)\n\n# pred_probs[i][j] = probability that examples[i].prompt is classified as\n# examples[i].completions[j]\nprint([example_pred_probs.round(2) for example_pred_probs in pred_probs])\n# [array([0.7, 0.3]),\n#  array([0.03, 0.97, 0.  ])]\n\n# For each example, which completion is most likely?\npred_class_idxs = [\n    example_pred_probs.argmax() for example_pred_probs in pred_probs\n]\npreds = [\n    example.completions[pred_class_idx]\n    for example, pred_class_idx in zip(examples, pred_class_idxs)\n]\nprint(preds)\n# ['Clarice Starling',\n#  'Kevin Conroy']\n```\n</details>\n\n\nSee the [`demos`](https://github.com/kddubey/cappr/blob/main/demos/) for demonstrations\nof slightly harder classification tasks.\n\nFor CAPPr, GPTQ models are the most computationally performant. These models are\ncompatible with `cappr.huggingface.classify`. See [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/select_a_language_model.html#hugging-face)\nfor more info on using these models.\n\n\n## Documentation\n\nhttps://cappr.readthedocs.io\n\n\n## Installation\n\nSee [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html).\n\n\n## Related work\n\nSee [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/related_work.html).\n\n\n## Motivation\n\nReduce engineering complexity.\n\nSee [this page of the\ndocumentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/motivation.html) for more info.\n\n\n## Performance\n\n[Statistical performance](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/statistical_performance.html)\n\n[Computational performance](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/computational_performance.html)\n\n\n## How it works\n\nYou input a `prompt` string, a `end_of_prompt` string (a whitespace or empty) and a set\nof candidate `completion` strings such that the string\u2014\n\n```python\n{prompt}{end_of_prompt}{completion}\n```\n\n\u2014is a naturally flowing thought. CAPPr picks the `completion` which is mostly likely to\nfollow `prompt` by computing the\u2014\n\n> **C**ompletion<br>\n  **A**fter<br>\n  **P**rompt<br>\n  **Pr**obability<br>\n\n\u2014as fleshed out in my [question on Cross\nValidated](https://stats.stackexchange.com/q/601159/337906).\n\n\n## Local development\n\nSee [this page of the documentation](https://cappr.readthedocs.io/en/latest/local.html).\n\n\n## Todo\n\nI'm dumping todos here:\n\n[Code changes](https://github.com/users/kddubey/projects/1/views/1)\n\n[Reseach experiments](https://github.com/users/kddubey/projects/2)\n\nFeel free to raise issues ofc\n",
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