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[](https://pypi.org/project/fonemas/)
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<h2 align="center">Fonemas</h2>
<h3 align="center">A Python phonologic transcription library for Spanish</h2>
*fonemas* is a Python library of methods and functions for phonologic and phonetic transcription of Spanish words.
This library is part of the research project [Sound and Meaning in Spanish Golden Age Literature](https://soundandmeaning.univie.ac.at/). This library was originally intended to analyse only pohonological features relevant to verse scansion. It has expanded its functionality ever since to become a fully featured phonological and phonetic analyser with IPA and SAMPA support.
## Installation
```bash
pip3 install fonemas
```
## Use
The library provides the class *transcription(sentence, mono, epenthesis, aspiration, rehash, sampastr)*. The class takes the obligatoy argument *sentence*, which is a string of characters with a Spanish word or words. It optionally takes two Boolean arguments *mono*, *epenthesis* and *aspiration* set to False as default.
- *mono* sets whether the output shows graphic stresses for monosyllabic words
- *epenthesis* set the behaviour S bfore consonant in onset (spiritu -> es pi ri tu|spi ri tu)
- *aspiration* inserts an aspiration modifier 'ʰ' in onset. This may be useful when dealing with ambiguous verses in classic poetry to choose which synaloepha to break.
- *rehash* moves last consonan on last-syllable coda to next's words first-syllable onset if it begins with a vowel.
- *sampastr* allows an alternativestress symbol, as '"' to prevent issues e.g. when using in a CSV file.
The class *transcription()* has three dataclass attributes, each with two attributes *{words, syllables}* containing each a list of strings, which may be words or syllables, respectively.
- *phonology* for the phonological transcription (requires UNICODE support).
- *phonetics* for the phonetic transcription in IPA symbols (requires UNICODE support).
- *sampa* for the phonetic transcription SAMPA transliteration.
```python
>>> from fonemas import Transcription
>>> object = Transcription('Averigüéis')
>>> a.phonology.words
['abeɾiˈgwejs']
>>> a.phonology.syllables
['a', 'be', 'ɾi', 'ˈgwejs']
>>> a.phonetics.words
['aβeɾiˈɣwejs']
>>> a.phonetics.syllables
['a', 'be', 'ɾi', 'ˈɣwejs']
>>> a.sampa.words
['aBeri"Gwejs']
>>> a.sampa.syllables
['a', 'Be', 'ri', '"Gwejs']
```
## Description
The transcription is done according to the Spanish phonology and phonotactics described by Quilis (2019).
## Known issues
The phonetic transcription lacks allophones represented in IPA with diacritics. They require double characters, which need a workaround to be evaluated. It can be solved using hacks for 'special cases', which I will do until figure out a general solution.
Non-Spanish languages with different prosodic rules but same spelling will cause problems, e.g.(lat. 'amor', 'amabor', 'amabar', 'amer' vs sp. 'amor'. 'labor', 'acabar', 'temer').
## Contributions
Feel free to contribute using the [GitHub Issue Tracker](https://github.com/fsanzl/fonemas/issues) for feedback, suggestions, or bug reports.
## How to cite *fonemas*
Authors of scientific papers including results generated using *fonemas* are encouraged to cite the following paper.
```bibtex
@article{SanzLazaroF_RHD2023,
author = {Sanz-Lázaro, Fernando},
title = {Del fonema al verso: una caja de herramientas digitales de escansión teatral},
volume = {8},
journal = {Revista de Humanidades Digitales},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.5944/rhd.vol.8.2023.37830},
pages = {74--89},
langid = {Spanish},
}
```
## Changelog
* 2.1.0
* ChatGpt optimisation adn documentation
* 2.0.20.1
* Simplified coarticullations with regex
* 2.0.20
* Solved some issues with nasal coarticulation
* 2.0.19
* Solved stops/affricates alternance after space, hyphen, stress mark, beginning of line.
* 2.0.18
* Solved diphthongs contradicting the perceptibility scale.
* 2.0.17
* hie -> ʝe
* 2.0.16
* Isolated consonants
## Copyright
Copyright (C) 2022 Fernando Sanz-Lázaro <<fsanzl@gmail.com>>
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this library. If not, see <<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>>.
## References
Quilis, Antonio, *Tratado de fonología y fonética españolas*. Madrid, Gredos, 2019.
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The class takes the obligatoy argument *sentence*, which is a string of characters with a Spanish word or words. It optionally takes two Boolean arguments *mono*, *epenthesis* and *aspiration* set to False as default.\n\n- *mono* sets whether the output shows graphic stresses for monosyllabic words\n\n- *epenthesis* set the behaviour S bfore consonant in onset (spiritu -> es pi ri tu|spi ri tu)\n\n- *aspiration* inserts an aspiration modifier '\u02b0' in onset. This may be useful when dealing with ambiguous verses in classic poetry to choose which synaloepha to break.\n\n- *rehash* moves last consonan on last-syllable coda to next's words first-syllable onset if it begins with a vowel.\n\n- *sampastr* allows an alternativestress symbol, as '\"' to prevent issues e.g. when using in a CSV file.\n\n\n\nThe class *transcription()* has three dataclass attributes, each with two attributes *{words, syllables}* containing each a list of strings, which may be words or syllables, respectively.\n\n- *phonology* for the phonological transcription (requires UNICODE support).\n\n- *phonetics* for the phonetic transcription in IPA symbols (requires UNICODE support).\n\n- *sampa* for the phonetic transcription SAMPA transliteration.\n\n\n```python\n>>> from fonemas import Transcription\n>>> object = Transcription('Averig\u00fc\u00e9is')\n>>> a.phonology.words\n['abe\u027ei\u02c8gwejs']\n>>> a.phonology.syllables\n['a', 'be', '\u027ei', '\u02c8gwejs']\n>>> a.phonetics.words\n['a\u03b2e\u027ei\u02c8\u0263wejs']\n>>> a.phonetics.syllables\n['a', 'be', '\u027ei', '\u02c8\u0263wejs']\n>>> a.sampa.words\n['aBeri\"Gwejs']\n>>> a.sampa.syllables\n['a', 'Be', 'ri', '\"Gwejs']\n```\n\n## Description\n\nThe transcription is done according to the Spanish phonology and phonotactics described by Quilis (2019).\n\n## Known issues\n\nThe phonetic transcription lacks allophones represented in IPA with diacritics. 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