# Galène streaming gateway
Gateway to send streams such as RTMP or SRT to
[Galène videoconference server](https://galene.org/).
It is based on Gstreamer and implements the Galène protocol.
> :warning: **This project is not production ready, and you might experience
> jittering and crashes.** [See future plans.](#future-plans)
## Installation
Real-time video conversion requires resources. If many users are going to use
this gateway simultaneously, you should scale your machine resources
accordingly.
Installation works on Ubuntu 20.10 and Debian Bullseye or any later version.
For Windows users, we recommend to use
[Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install).
### Dependencies
```bash
# On Debian/Ubuntu-based distributions
sudo apt install python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-websockets gir1.2-gst-plugins-bad-1.0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-nice
# On ArchLinux-based distributions
sudo pacman -S python-setuptools python-pip python-websockets python-gobject gobject-introspection gst-python gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-libav
# On NixOS
nix-shell -p gobject-introspection -p gst_all_1.gst-libav -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-bad -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-base -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-good -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-ugly -p libnice -p python3 -p python3Packages.gst-python -p python3Packages.pygobject3 -p python3Packages.websockets
```
Then you should be able to either run `./galene-stream.py` in this repository,
or install it using pip.
### Configuration for UDP streaming
Launch the gateway using:
```
galene-stream --input "udp://127.0.0.1:8888" --output "wss://galene.example.com/ws" --group test --username bot
```
Then you can stream to `udp://127.0.0.1:8888` with no stream key.
### Configuration for RTMP streaming
```
+--------------------+ +----------+ +-------------+ +------+
|Streaming software | RTMP |NGINX RTMP| RTMP |Galène Stream| WebRTC |Galène|
|(such as OBS-Studio)+------> Server <------+ Gateway +--------> |
+--------------------+ +----------+ +-------------+ +------+
```
You need a NGINX RTMP server, you may remix the provided
[nginx.conf](./docs/nginx.conf). You can launch NGINX as user using:
```
nginx -c nginx.conf -p $PWD
```
You may launch the gateway after the NGINX server using:
```
galene-stream --input "rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live/test" --output "wss://galene.example.com/ws" --group test --username bot
```
Then you can stream to `rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live` with stream key `test`.
### Configuration for SRT streaming
SRT support is still experimental in some Linux distributions.
It has been reported to work on ArchLinux (on 2021/03/30).
When using OBS, you need to have FFMpeg compiled with SRT support.
To check if SRT is available, run `ffmpeg -protocols | grep srt`.
On Windows and MacOS, OBS comes with his own FFMpeg that will work.
Launch the gateway using:
```
galene-stream --input "srt://127.0.0.1:9710?mode=listener" --output "wss://galene.example.com/ws" --group test --username bot
```
Then you can stream to `srt://127.0.0.1:9710` with no stream key.
More information on [OBS Wiki, Streaming With SRT Or RIST Protocols](https://obsproject.com/wiki/Streaming-With-SRT-Or-RIST-Protocols).
### Configuration for file streaming
For debugging purposes you can directly stream a file,
```
galene-stream --input "file://source.webm" --output "wss://galene.example.com/ws" --group test --username bot
```
## Contributing
We welcome contributions that stays in the scope of this project.
Please format your code using `black` and test it using `pytest`.
### Collecting statistics about GStreamer WebRTC element
During a stream, you can send `!webrtc` in the chat to get some statistics
about the connectivity between the gateway and Galène.
### Debugging GStreamer pipeline
#### Logging pipeline statistics
You may use these environment variables,
```
GST_DEBUG="GST_TRACER:7" GST_TRACERS="latency;stats;rusage" GST_DEBUG_FILE=trace.log
```
Then you may inspect logs using `gst-stats-1.0 trace.log`.
#### Plotting pipeline graph
It is possible to plot pipeline status just before exiting the script by setting
`GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR` environnement variable to a directory.
For example, `export GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR=.`.
Then you can use GraphViz to generate an image from the dot file:
`dot -Tpng pipeline.dot > pipeline.png`.
## Future plans
The WISH IETF workgroup is working on the [WebRTC-HTTP ingestion protocol (WHIP)](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-wish-whip/).
Galène has [an experimental branch `whip`](https://github.com/jech/galene/tree/whip) implementing a WHIP server.
OBS Studio is currently working (as of December 2022) on [adding WHIP output support](https://github.com/obsproject/obs-studio/pull/7926).
Using WHIP directly removes the need for a transcoding gateway, and make
streamers life simpler. Galène-stream should be considered as a temporary
solution until WHIP gets standardized and implemented.
## License
This gateway is developed by former members of [Crans](https://www.crans.org/)
and [Aurore](https://auro.re/) network organizations to build a self-hosted
free and open-source streaming server based on [Galène](https://galene.org/).
We believe in open source software.
This project is licensed under [MIT](./LICENSE.txt).
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If many users are going to use\nthis gateway simultaneously, you should scale your machine resources\naccordingly.\n\nInstallation works on Ubuntu 20.10 and Debian Bullseye or any later version.\n\nFor Windows users, we recommend to use\n[Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install).\n\n### Dependencies\n\n```bash\n# On Debian/Ubuntu-based distributions\nsudo apt install python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-websockets gir1.2-gst-plugins-bad-1.0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-nice\n\n# On ArchLinux-based distributions\nsudo pacman -S python-setuptools python-pip python-websockets python-gobject gobject-introspection gst-python gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-libav\n\n# On NixOS\nnix-shell -p gobject-introspection -p gst_all_1.gst-libav -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-bad -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-base -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-good -p gst_all_1.gst-plugins-ugly -p libnice -p python3 -p python3Packages.gst-python -p python3Packages.pygobject3 -p python3Packages.websockets\n```\n\nThen you should be able to either run `./galene-stream.py` in this repository,\nor install it using pip.\n\n### Configuration for UDP streaming\n\nLaunch the gateway using:\n\n```\ngalene-stream --input \"udp://127.0.0.1:8888\" --output \"wss://galene.example.com/ws\" --group test --username bot\n```\n\nThen you can stream to `udp://127.0.0.1:8888` with no stream key.\n\n### Configuration for RTMP streaming\n\n```\n+--------------------+ +----------+ +-------------+ +------+\n|Streaming software | RTMP |NGINX RTMP| RTMP |Gal\u00e8ne Stream| WebRTC |Gal\u00e8ne|\n|(such as OBS-Studio)+------> Server <------+ Gateway +--------> |\n+--------------------+ +----------+ +-------------+ +------+\n```\n\nYou need a NGINX RTMP server, you may remix the provided\n[nginx.conf](./docs/nginx.conf). You can launch NGINX as user using:\n\n```\nnginx -c nginx.conf -p $PWD\n```\n\nYou may launch the gateway after the NGINX server using:\n\n```\ngalene-stream --input \"rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live/test\" --output \"wss://galene.example.com/ws\" --group test --username bot\n```\n\nThen you can stream to `rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live` with stream key `test`.\n\n### Configuration for SRT streaming\n\nSRT support is still experimental in some Linux distributions.\nIt has been reported to work on ArchLinux (on 2021/03/30).\n\nWhen using OBS, you need to have FFMpeg compiled with SRT support.\nTo check if SRT is available, run `ffmpeg -protocols | grep srt`.\nOn Windows and MacOS, OBS comes with his own FFMpeg that will work.\n\nLaunch the gateway using:\n\n```\ngalene-stream --input \"srt://127.0.0.1:9710?mode=listener\" --output \"wss://galene.example.com/ws\" --group test --username bot\n```\n\nThen you can stream to `srt://127.0.0.1:9710` with no stream key.\n\nMore information on [OBS Wiki, Streaming With SRT Or RIST Protocols](https://obsproject.com/wiki/Streaming-With-SRT-Or-RIST-Protocols).\n\n### Configuration for file streaming\n\nFor debugging purposes you can directly stream a file,\n\n```\ngalene-stream --input \"file://source.webm\" --output \"wss://galene.example.com/ws\" --group test --username bot\n```\n\n## Contributing\n\nWe welcome contributions that stays in the scope of this project.\nPlease format your code using `black` and test it using `pytest`.\n\n### Collecting statistics about GStreamer WebRTC element\n\nDuring a stream, you can send `!webrtc` in the chat to get some statistics\nabout the connectivity between the gateway and Gal\u00e8ne.\n\n### Debugging GStreamer pipeline\n\n#### Logging pipeline statistics\n\nYou may use these environment variables,\n\n```\nGST_DEBUG=\"GST_TRACER:7\" GST_TRACERS=\"latency;stats;rusage\" GST_DEBUG_FILE=trace.log\n```\n\nThen you may inspect logs using `gst-stats-1.0 trace.log`.\n\n#### Plotting pipeline graph\n\nIt is possible to plot pipeline status just before exiting the script by setting\n`GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR` environnement variable to a directory.\n\nFor example, `export GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR=.`.\n\nThen you can use GraphViz to generate an image from the dot file:\n`dot -Tpng pipeline.dot > pipeline.png`.\n\n## Future plans\n\nThe WISH IETF workgroup is working on the [WebRTC-HTTP ingestion protocol (WHIP)](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-wish-whip/).\nGal\u00e8ne has [an experimental branch `whip`](https://github.com/jech/galene/tree/whip) implementing a WHIP server.\nOBS Studio is currently working (as of December 2022) on [adding WHIP output support](https://github.com/obsproject/obs-studio/pull/7926).\n\nUsing WHIP directly removes the need for a transcoding gateway, and make\nstreamers life simpler. 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