| Name | glowpython JSON |
| Version |
4.0.4
JSON |
| download |
| home_page | None |
| Summary | Python bindings for NCAR GLOW model |
| upload_time | 2025-07-19 10:56:14 |
| maintainer | None |
| docs_url | None |
| author | None |
| requires_python | >=3.7 |
| license | Apache License
Version 2.0, January 2004
http://www.apache.org/licenses/
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|
| keywords |
thermosphere
ionosphere
|
| VCS |
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| requirements |
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|
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No Travis.
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| coveralls test coverage |
|
# GlowPython
The FORTRAN GLobal airglOW ([GLOW](https://github.com/NCAR/GLOW)) Model in Python ≥ 3.7.
A Fortran compiler is **REQUIRED**.
<b>Note:</b> This version uses `meson` and `ninja` as the build system, and does not rely on `distutils`,
and is Python 3.12 compatible.
<b>This library also allows parallelization of model evaluation using the [multiprocessing](https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html) module.</b>
Additionally, the `GlowModel` class exposes complete control over model evaluation, which is divided
into the following fundamental steps:
1. `initialize`: Set the altitude, energy grids and solar flux model (Hinteregger, EUVAC, custom).
2. `setup`: Set the model up for evaluation, specifying time, location, and optionally geomagnetic parameters. If geomagnetic parameters are not specified, they are retrieved using [`geomagdata`](https://pypi.org/project/geomagdata/).
3. `precipitation` (optional): Evaluate the energy and flux of precipitating electrons (Maxwellian or monoenergetic).
4. `atmosphere`: Evaluate the neutral atmosphere (MSISE-00) and ionosphere (IRI-90).
5. `radtrans`: Evaluate the GLOW radiative transfer model to calculate volume emission rates and ion composition.
6. `result`: Retrieve the model output as a [xarray.Dataset](http://xarray.pydata.org/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html).
<b>Note:</b> Between the `atmosphere` and `radtrans` steps, the intermediate dataset can be accessed using the `result` method by passing `copy=False`. This returns a reference to the internal dataset. Modifying the dataset in place allows for modifying the atmosphere and ionosphere presented to the `radtrans` step.
## Installation
<b>Note:</b> For macOS Big Sur and above, you may need to add the following line to your environment script (`~/.zshrc` if using ZSH, or the relevant shell init script):
```sh
export LIBRARY_PATH="$LIBRARY_PATH:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib"
```
Then reopen the terminal. This fixes the issue where `-lSystem` fails for `gfortran`. Additionally,
installation of `gfortran` using `homebrew` is required.
Direct installation using pip:
```sh
$ pip install glowpython
```
Install from source repository by:
```sh
$ git clone https://github.com/sunipkm/glowpython -b development
$ cd glowpython && pip install .
```
Requires (and installs) [geomagdata](https://pypi.org/project/geomagdata/) for timezone aware geomagnetic parameter retrieval.
Then use examples such as:
* `Examples/Maxwellian.py`: Maxwellian precipitation, specify Q (flux) and E0 (characteristic energy).
* `Examples/NoPrecipitation.py`: No precipitating electrons.
These examples are also available on the command line: `GlowMaxwellian` and `GlowNoPrecip`.
Or, use GLOW in your own Python program by:
```python
import glowpython as glow
iono = glow.maxwellian(time, glat, glon, Nbins, Q, Echar)
```
Read the module documentation for more information.
`iono` is a
[xarray.Dataset](http://xarray.pydata.org/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html)
containing outputs from GLOW:
- Coordinates:
- `alt_km`: Altitude grid (km)
- `energy`: Energy grid (eV)
- `state`: Neutral/Ionic excitation states (string)
- `wavelength`: Wavelength of emission features in Angstrom (string). Represented as strings to accommodate the LBH band.
- `tecscale`: TEC scale factor (float)
- Data:
- Dimension (`alt_km`):
- `O`: Neutral atomic oxygen density (cm^-3)
- `O2`: Neutral molecular oxygen density (cm^-3)
- `N2`: Neutral molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)
- `NO`: Neutral nitric oxide density (cm^-3)
- `NS`: N(4S) density (cm^-3)
- `ND`: N(2D) density (not used, set to zero) (cm^-3)
- `NeIn`: Electron density (IRI-90), input to GLOW radiative transfer model. (cm^-3)
- `O+`: Ion atomic oxygen (4S) density (cm^-3)
- `O+(2P)`: Ion atomic oxygen (2P) density (cm^-3)
- `O+(2D)`: Ion atomic oxygen (2D) density (cm^-3)
- `O2+`: Ion molecular oxygen density (cm^-3)
- `N+`: Ion molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)
- `N2+`: Ion molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)
- `NO+`: Ion nitric oxide density (cm^-3)
- `N2(A)`: Molecular nitrogen (GLOW) density (cm^-3)
- `N(2P)`: N(2P) density (cm^-3)
- `N(2D)`: N(2D) density (cm^-3)
- `O(1S)`: O(1S) density (cm^-3)
- `O(1D)`: O(1D) density (cm^-3)
- `NeOut`: Electron density (calculated below 200 km for `kchem=4` using GLOW model, cm^-3)
- `Te`: Electron temperature (K)
- `Ti`: Ion temperature (K)
- `Tn`: Neutral temperature (K)
- `ionrate`: Ionization rate (s^-1)
- `pederson`: Pederson conductivity (S/m)
- `hall`: Hall conductivity (S/m)
- `eHeat`: Ambient electron heating rate (eV/cm^3/s)
- `Tez`: Total energetic electron energy deposition (eV/cm^3/s)
- Dimension (`alt_km`, `wavelength`):
- `ver`: Volume emission rate of various features (1/cm^3/s)
- Dimension (`alt_km`, `state`):
- `production`: Production rate of various species (1/cm^3/s)
- `loss`: Fractional loss rate of various species (1/s)
- Dimension (`energy`):
- `precip`: Precipitation flux (cm^-2/s/eV)
- Attributes:
- `time`: Time of evaluation (ISO 8601 formatted string)
- `glatlon`: Geographic latitude and longitude of evaluation (degrees)
- `Q`: Flux of precipitating electrons (erg/cm^2/s)
- `Echar`: Characteristic energy of precipitating electrons (eV)
- `iscale`: Solar flux model. 0: Hinteregger, 1: EUVAC
- `xuvfac`: XUV enhancement factor.
- `itail`: Low energy tail enabled/disabled. 0: disabled, 1: enabled
- `fmono`: Monoenergetic energy flux (erg/cm^2).
- `emono`: Monoenergetic characteristic energy (keV).
- `jlocal`: Local calculation only (disable electron transport).
- `kchem`: GLOW chemistry level.
All available keys carry unit and description.
## Development Path
This repository started its life as a fork of the [NCAR-GLOW](https://github.com/space-physics/NCAR-GLOW) model to upgrade from [geomagindices](https://github.com/space-physics/geomagindices) that does not provide flux and Ap data post-SWPC.
The [NCAR-GLOW](https://github.com/space-physics/NCAR-GLOW) implementation runs the GLOW model as a separate process, invoked from a compiled GLOW binary, and runtime parameters are passed to this binary over `STDIN` and `STDOUT` is parsed to produce the [`Dataset`](https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html) containing the results of the simulation.
This context switching, and text data parsing adds significant runtime overhead, and loss of precision.
Starting v3.0.0, the core of [`glowpython`](https://github.com/sunipkm/glowpython) was changed to use F2PY, and pass inputs and get outputs from the FORTRAN library directly.
Apart from the public-facing API (`no_precipitation`, `maxwellian`), the internal implementation of this repository is completely independent from NCAR-GLOW.
Raw data
{
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"name": "glowpython",
"maintainer": null,
"docs_url": null,
"requires_python": ">=3.7",
"maintainer_email": null,
"keywords": "thermosphere, ionosphere",
"author": null,
"author_email": "\"Sunip K. Mukherjee\" <sunipkmukherjee@gmail.com>, George Geddes <georgegdds@gmail.com>",
"download_url": "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/96/6ad292506166bc786a451a0423bde112e7738f344533e6f9c3be976278a6/glowpython-4.0.4.tar.gz",
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"description": "# GlowPython\n\nThe FORTRAN GLobal airglOW ([GLOW](https://github.com/NCAR/GLOW)) Model in Python ≥ 3.7.\n\nA Fortran compiler is **REQUIRED**.\n\n<b>Note:</b> This version uses `meson` and `ninja` as the build system, and does not rely on `distutils`,\nand is Python 3.12 compatible.\n\n<b>This library also allows parallelization of model evaluation using the [multiprocessing](https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html) module.</b>\n\nAdditionally, the `GlowModel` class exposes complete control over model evaluation, which is divided\ninto the following fundamental steps:\n1. `initialize`: Set the altitude, energy grids and solar flux model (Hinteregger, EUVAC, custom).\n2. `setup`: Set the model up for evaluation, specifying time, location, and optionally geomagnetic parameters. If geomagnetic parameters are not specified, they are retrieved using [`geomagdata`](https://pypi.org/project/geomagdata/).\n3. `precipitation` (optional): Evaluate the energy and flux of precipitating electrons (Maxwellian or monoenergetic).\n4. `atmosphere`: Evaluate the neutral atmosphere (MSISE-00) and ionosphere (IRI-90).\n5. `radtrans`: Evaluate the GLOW radiative transfer model to calculate volume emission rates and ion composition.\n6. `result`: Retrieve the model output as a [xarray.Dataset](http://xarray.pydata.org/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html).\n\n<b>Note:</b> Between the `atmosphere` and `radtrans` steps, the intermediate dataset can be accessed using the `result` method by passing `copy=False`. This returns a reference to the internal dataset. Modifying the dataset in place allows for modifying the atmosphere and ionosphere presented to the `radtrans` step.\n\n## Installation\n\n<b>Note:</b> For macOS Big Sur and above, you may need to add the following line to your environment script (`~/.zshrc` if using ZSH, or the relevant shell init script):\n```sh\nexport LIBRARY_PATH=\"$LIBRARY_PATH:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib\"\n```\nThen reopen the terminal. This fixes the issue where `-lSystem` fails for `gfortran`. Additionally,\ninstallation of `gfortran` using `homebrew` is required.\n\nDirect installation using pip:\n```sh\n$ pip install glowpython\n```\n\nInstall from source repository by:\n\n```sh\n$ git clone https://github.com/sunipkm/glowpython -b development\n$ cd glowpython && pip install .\n```\n\nRequires (and installs) [geomagdata](https://pypi.org/project/geomagdata/) for timezone aware geomagnetic parameter retrieval.\n\nThen use examples such as:\n\n* `Examples/Maxwellian.py`: Maxwellian precipitation, specify Q (flux) and E0 (characteristic energy).\n* `Examples/NoPrecipitation.py`: No precipitating electrons.\n\nThese examples are also available on the command line: `GlowMaxwellian` and `GlowNoPrecip`.\n\nOr, use GLOW in your own Python program by:\n```python\nimport glowpython as glow\n\niono = glow.maxwellian(time, glat, glon, Nbins, Q, Echar)\n```\n\nRead the module documentation for more information.\n\n`iono` is a\n[xarray.Dataset](http://xarray.pydata.org/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html)\ncontaining outputs from GLOW:\n- Coordinates:\n - `alt_km`: Altitude grid (km)\n - `energy`: Energy grid (eV)\n - `state`: Neutral/Ionic excitation states (string)\n - `wavelength`: Wavelength of emission features in Angstrom (string). Represented as strings to accommodate the LBH band.\n - `tecscale`: TEC scale factor (float)\n- Data:\n - Dimension (`alt_km`):\n - `O`: Neutral atomic oxygen density (cm^-3)\n - `O2`: Neutral molecular oxygen density (cm^-3)\n - `N2`: Neutral molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)\n - `NO`: Neutral nitric oxide density (cm^-3)\n - `NS`: N(4S) density (cm^-3)\n - `ND`: N(2D) density (not used, set to zero) (cm^-3)\n - `NeIn`: Electron density (IRI-90), input to GLOW radiative transfer model. (cm^-3)\n - `O+`: Ion atomic oxygen (4S) density (cm^-3)\n - `O+(2P)`: Ion atomic oxygen (2P) density (cm^-3)\n - `O+(2D)`: Ion atomic oxygen (2D) density (cm^-3)\n - `O2+`: Ion molecular oxygen density (cm^-3)\n - `N+`: Ion molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)\n - `N2+`: Ion molecular nitrogen density (cm^-3)\n - `NO+`: Ion nitric oxide density (cm^-3)\n - `N2(A)`: Molecular nitrogen (GLOW) density (cm^-3)\n - `N(2P)`: N(2P) density (cm^-3)\n - `N(2D)`: N(2D) density (cm^-3)\n - `O(1S)`: O(1S) density (cm^-3)\n - `O(1D)`: O(1D) density (cm^-3)\n - `NeOut`: Electron density (calculated below 200 km for `kchem=4` using GLOW model, cm^-3) \n - `Te`: Electron temperature (K)\n - `Ti`: Ion temperature (K)\n - `Tn`: Neutral temperature (K)\n - `ionrate`: Ionization rate (s^-1)\n - `pederson`: Pederson conductivity (S/m)\n - `hall`: Hall conductivity (S/m)\n - `eHeat`: Ambient electron heating rate (eV/cm^3/s)\n - `Tez`: Total energetic electron energy deposition (eV/cm^3/s)\n - Dimension (`alt_km`, `wavelength`):\n - `ver`: Volume emission rate of various features (1/cm^3/s)\n - Dimension (`alt_km`, `state`):\n - `production`: Production rate of various species (1/cm^3/s)\n - `loss`: Fractional loss rate of various species (1/s)\n - Dimension (`energy`):\n - `precip`: Precipitation flux (cm^-2/s/eV)\n- Attributes:\n - `time`: Time of evaluation (ISO 8601 formatted string)\n - `glatlon`: Geographic latitude and longitude of evaluation (degrees)\n - `Q`: Flux of precipitating electrons (erg/cm^2/s)\n - `Echar`: Characteristic energy of precipitating electrons (eV)\n - `iscale`: Solar flux model. 0: Hinteregger, 1: EUVAC\n - `xuvfac`: XUV enhancement factor. \n - `itail`: Low energy tail enabled/disabled. 0: disabled, 1: enabled\n - `fmono`: Monoenergetic energy flux (erg/cm^2).\n - `emono`: Monoenergetic characteristic energy (keV).\n - `jlocal`: Local calculation only (disable electron transport).\n - `kchem`: GLOW chemistry level.\n\nAll available keys carry unit and description.\n\n## Development Path\nThis repository started its life as a fork of the [NCAR-GLOW](https://github.com/space-physics/NCAR-GLOW) model to upgrade from [geomagindices](https://github.com/space-physics/geomagindices) that does not provide flux and Ap data post-SWPC.\nThe [NCAR-GLOW](https://github.com/space-physics/NCAR-GLOW) implementation runs the GLOW model as a separate process, invoked from a compiled GLOW binary, and runtime parameters are passed to this binary over `STDIN` and `STDOUT` is parsed to produce the [`Dataset`](https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.Dataset.html) containing the results of the simulation.\nThis context switching, and text data parsing adds significant runtime overhead, and loss of precision.\nStarting v3.0.0, the core of [`glowpython`](https://github.com/sunipkm/glowpython) was changed to use F2PY, and pass inputs and get outputs from the FORTRAN library directly.\nApart from the public-facing API (`no_precipitation`, `maxwellian`), the internal implementation of this repository is completely independent from NCAR-GLOW.\n\n",
"bugtrack_url": null,
"license": "Apache License\n Version 2.0, January 2004\n http://www.apache.org/licenses/\n \n TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION\n \n 1. Definitions.\n \n \"License\" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,\n and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.\n \n \"Licensor\" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by\n the copyright owner that is granting the License.\n \n \"Legal Entity\" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all\n other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common\n control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,\n \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the\n direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or\n otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the\n outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\n \n \"You\" (or \"Your\") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity\n exercising permissions granted by this License.\n \n \"Source\" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,\n including but not limited to software source code, documentation\n source, and configuration files.\n \n \"Object\" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical\n transformation or translation of a Source form, including but\n not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,\n and conversions to other media types.\n \n \"Work\" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or\n Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a\n copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work\n (an example is provided in the Appendix below).\n \n \"Derivative Works\" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object\n form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the\n editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications\n represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes\n of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain\n separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,\n the Work and Derivative Works thereof.\n \n \"Contribution\" shall mean any work of authorship, including\n the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions\n to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally\n submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner\n or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of\n the copyright owner. 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