# GrIML - Investigating Greenland's ice-marginal lakes under a changing climate
[](https://badge.fury.io/py/griml) [](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/444752900) [](https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3) [](https://griml.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest) [](https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/PennyHow/GrIML/goto?ref=main) [](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/HEAD?urlpath=%2Fdoc%2Ftree%2Ftutorials%2Fdataset_tutorial.ipynb)
The **GrIML** (Investigating Greenland's ice marginal lakes under a changing climate) processing package for classifying water bodies from satellite imagery using a multi-sensor, multi-method remote sensing approach. This workflow is used for the production of the [Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N), as part of the [ESA GrIML project](https://eo4society.esa.int/projects/griml/). This repository also holds all project-related materials.
## Installation
The GrIML Python package can be installed using pip:
```
$ pip install griml
```
Or cloned from the Github repository:
```
$ git clone git@github.com:GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML.git
$ cd GrIML
$ pip install .
```
Full documentation and tutorials are available at GrIML's [readthedocs](https://griml.readthedocs.io)
## Workflow outline
<img src="https://github.com/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/blob/main/docs/figures/griml_workflow_with_gee.png?raw=true" alt="The GrIML workflow." width="1500" align="aligncenter" />
**GrIML** proposes to examine ice marginal lake changes across Greenland using a multi-sensor and multi-method remote sensing approach to better address their influence on sea level contribution forecasting.
Ice-marginal lakes are detected using a remote sensing approach, based on offline workflows developed within the [ESA Glaciers CCI](https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/7ea7540135f441369716ef867d217519") (Option 6, An Inventory of Ice-Marginal Lakes in Greenland) ([How et al., 2021](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83509-1)). Initial classifications are performed using Google Earth Engine, with the scripts available [here](https://github.com/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/tree/main/gee_scripts). Lake extents are defined through a multi-sensor approach using:
- Multi-spectral indices classification from Sentinel-2 optical imagery
- Backscatter classification from Sentinel-1 SAR (synthetic aperture radar) imagery
- Sink detection from ArcticDEM digital elevation models
Post-processing of these classifications is performed using the **GrIML** Python package, including raster-to-vector conversion, filtering, merging, metadata population, and statistical analysis.
## Terms of use
If the workflow or data are presented or used to support results of any kind, please include an acknowledgement and references to the applicable publications:
*How, P. et al. (2025) "Greenland Ice-Marginal Lake Inventory annual time-series Edition 1". GEUS Dataverse. [https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N)*
*How, P. et al. (In Review) "Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series from 2016 to 2023". Earth Syst.Sci. Data Discuss. [https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-18](https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-18)*
*How, P. (In Review) "GrIML: A Python package for investigating Greenland's ice-marginal lakes under a changing climate". J. Open Source Software. [https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3](https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3)*
*How, P. et al. (2021) "Greenland-wide inventory of ice marginal lakes using a multi-method approach". Sci. Rep. 11, 4481. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83509-1](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83509-1)*
## Project links
- [The Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N), available through the [GEUS Dataverse](https://dataverse.geus.dk/)
- ESA [project outline](https://eo4society.esa.int/projects/griml/) and [fellow information](https://eo4society.esa.int/lpf/penelope-how/)
- [GrIML project description](https://pennyhow.github.io/blog/investigating-griml/)
- Information about the [ESA Living Planet Fellowship](https://eo4society.esa.int/communities/scientists/living-planet-fellowship/)
- 2017 ice marginal lake inventory [Scientific Reports paper](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83509-1) and [dataset](https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/7ea7540135f441369716ef867d217519)
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"description": "# GrIML - Investigating Greenland's ice-marginal lakes under a changing climate\n\n[](https://badge.fury.io/py/griml) [](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/444752900) [](https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3) [](https://griml.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest) [](https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/PennyHow/GrIML/goto?ref=main) [](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/HEAD?urlpath=%2Fdoc%2Ftree%2Ftutorials%2Fdataset_tutorial.ipynb)\n\nThe **GrIML** (Investigating Greenland's ice marginal lakes under a changing climate) processing package for classifying water bodies from satellite imagery using a multi-sensor, multi-method remote sensing approach. This workflow is used for the production of the [Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N), as part of the [ESA GrIML project](https://eo4society.esa.int/projects/griml/). This repository also holds all project-related materials.\n\n\n## Installation\n\nThe GrIML Python package can be installed using pip: \n\n```\n$ pip install griml\n```\n\nOr cloned from the Github repository: \n\n```\n$ git clone git@github.com:GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML.git\n$ cd GrIML\n$ pip install .\n```\n\nFull documentation and tutorials are available at GrIML's [readthedocs](https://griml.readthedocs.io)\n\n\n## Workflow outline\n\n<img src=\"https://github.com/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/blob/main/docs/figures/griml_workflow_with_gee.png?raw=true\" alt=\"The GrIML workflow.\" width=\"1500\" align=\"aligncenter\" />\n\n**GrIML** proposes to examine ice marginal lake changes across Greenland using a multi-sensor and multi-method remote sensing approach to better address their influence on sea level contribution forecasting.\n\nIce-marginal lakes are detected using a remote sensing approach, based on offline workflows developed within the [ESA Glaciers CCI](https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/7ea7540135f441369716ef867d217519\") (Option 6, An Inventory of Ice-Marginal Lakes in Greenland) ([How et al., 2021](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83509-1)). Initial classifications are performed using Google Earth Engine, with the scripts available [here](https://github.com/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/GrIML/tree/main/gee_scripts). Lake extents are defined through a multi-sensor approach using:\n\n- Multi-spectral indices classification from Sentinel-2 optical imagery\n- Backscatter classification from Sentinel-1 SAR (synthetic aperture radar) imagery\n- Sink detection from ArcticDEM digital elevation models \n\nPost-processing of these classifications is performed using the **GrIML** Python package, including raster-to-vector conversion, filtering, merging, metadata population, and statistical analysis.\n\n\n## Terms of use\n\nIf the workflow or data are presented or used to support results of any kind, please include an acknowledgement and references to the applicable publications:\n\n*How, P. et al. (2025) \"Greenland Ice-Marginal Lake Inventory annual time-series Edition 1\". GEUS Dataverse. [https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N)*\n\n*How, P. et al. (In Review) \"Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series from 2016 to 2023\". Earth Syst.Sci. Data Discuss. [https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-18](https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-18)*\n\n*How, P. (In Review) \"GrIML: A Python package for investigating Greenland's ice-marginal lakes under a changing climate\". J. Open Source Software. [https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3](https://joss.theoj.org/papers/a2e10775df44b89f26b0ac9dbf8bc9e3)*\n\n*How, P. et al. (2021) \"Greenland-wide inventory of ice marginal lakes using a multi-method approach\". Sci. Rep. 11, 4481. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83509-1](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83509-1)*\n\n\n## Project links\n\n- [The Greenland ice-marginal lake inventory series](https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/MBKW9N), available through the [GEUS Dataverse](https://dataverse.geus.dk/)\n\n- ESA [project outline](https://eo4society.esa.int/projects/griml/) and [fellow information](https://eo4society.esa.int/lpf/penelope-how/)\n\n- [GrIML project description](https://pennyhow.github.io/blog/investigating-griml/)\n\n- Information about the [ESA Living Planet Fellowship](https://eo4society.esa.int/communities/scientists/living-planet-fellowship/)\n\n- 2017 ice marginal lake inventory [Scientific Reports paper](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83509-1) and [dataset](https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/7ea7540135f441369716ef867d217519)\n",
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