llm-web

Name	llm-web JSON
Version	0.8 JSON
	download
home_page
Summary	plugin for simonw's llm to add a web search LLM agent
upload_time	2023-11-20 01:06:48
maintainer
docs_url	None
author	thiswillbeyourgithub
requires_python	>=3.9
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keywords	llm openai agent simonw websearch web search
VCS
bugtrack_url
requirements	No requirements were recorded.
Travis-CI	No Travis.
coveralls test coverage	No coveralls.

            # llm_web
Plugin for [llm](https://llm.datasette.io/) by the great [simonw](https://simonwillison.net/) to add a simple langchain agent that searches the web.

## Note
* to install: `llm install llm-web`
* to run: `llm chat -m web`
* Very early stage, done mostly while procrastinating work. Will improve a lot.

## Features
* Multiple search engines: duckduckgo, metaphor, tavily, wikipedia
* BigTask tool: used to split a task into subtasks
* Math tool: calculator included

## TODO
* tell simonw
* make autonomous agent more stable
* find a way to implement streaming
* *later* use griptape instead of langchain when they implement their search?

## DEMO
### DEMO #1
Question was: `Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants`
Total cost:  23885 or $0.0248 using ChatGPT-3.5-turbo-1106

```
Type 'exit' or 'quit' to exit
Type '!multi' to enter multiple lines, then '!end' to finish
>  Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "BigTask",
    "action_input": "Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon."
}
'''

> Entering new LLMChain chain...
Prompt after formatting:

At the end, I want to answer the question 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'. Your task is to generate a few intermediate steps needed to answer that question. Don't create steps that are too vague or that would need to be broken down themselves.
The number of steps should ideally be 3 to 5, but can be up to 10 if the question specifically asks for an indepth search.
If the question is already phrased as a series of steps, just rewrite into the appropriate format.
Use your tools to answer the question.

ALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.
APPROPRIATE FORMAT: one step per line, without enumeration.

Example of format:
'''
Find the name of the owner of MacDonald's
Find his age
Multiply it by 4
Return the answer
'''

Your turn now:


> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 0step [00:00, ?step/s]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. TODO
2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. LATER
3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. LATER
4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER
5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER

Your current task is #1


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "duckduckgo_search",
    "action_input": "bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna"
}
'''
Observation: Once heavy metals enter the aquatic systems, they are dissolved in the water and easily accumulate in the different parts of aquatic living organisms, including fish, and subsequently enter into consumers of these contaminated fish [ 9 ]. Salish Sea Toxics in the Food Web Updated June 2021 based on data available through December 2020. Neutral Trend Concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Organic pollutants Toxins Trace elements Download chapter PDF Learning goals Understand how different pollutants affect marine mammals. Learn how biomagnification and bioaccumulation affect marine life. Learn how to monitor wildlife health by post-mortem examinations. 1 Introduction Biotransport of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals by Pacific Salmon in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean Vasiliy Tsygankov Chapter First Online: 31 October 2023 14 Accesses Part of the Earth and Environmental Sciences Library book series (EESL) Abstract 1 Citations Metrics Abstract In the first review of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fish in water ecosystems in Serbia, 40 studies related to fish contamination with PTEs were identified and evaluated. Studies of concentrations of PTEs in fish tissues covered 28 ecosystems (108 localities).
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems."
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 1step [00:06,  6.47s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'
2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. TODO
3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. LATER
4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER
5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER

Your current task is #2


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Wikipedia",
    "action_input": "Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish"
}
'''
Observation: Page: Bioaccumulation
Summary: Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism.  Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Thus, the longer the biological half-life of a toxic substance, the greater the risk of chronic poisoning, even if environmental levels of the toxin are not very high. Bioaccumulation, for example in fish, can be predicted by models. Hypothesis for molecular size cutoff criteria for use as bioaccumulation potential indicators are not supported by data. Biotransformation can strongly modify bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism.Toxicity induced by metals is associated with bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Storage or uptake of a metal faster than it is metabolized and excreted leads to the accumulation of that metal. The presence of various chemicals and harmful substances in the environment can be analyzed and assessed with a proper knowledge on bioaccumulation helping with chemical control and usage.An organism can take up chemicals by breathing, absorbing through skin or swallowing. When the concentration of a chemical is higher within the organism compared to its surroundings (air or water), it is referred to as bioconcentration. Biomagnification is another process related to bioaccumulation as the concentration of the chemical or metal increases as it moves up from one trophic level to another. Naturally, the process of bioaccumulation is necessary for an organism to grow and develop; however, accumulation of harmful substances can also occur.

Page: Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances
Summary: Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances (PBTs) are a class of compounds that have high resistance to degradation from abiotic and biotic factors, high mobility in the environment and high toxicity.  Because of these factors PBTs have been observed to have a high order of bioaccumulation and biomagnification, very long retention times in various media, and widespread distribution across the globe.  Most PBTs in the environment are either created through industry or are unintentional byproducts.

Page: Methylmercury
Summary: Methylmercury (sometimes methyl mercury) is an organometallic cation with the formula [CH3Hg]+. It is the simplest organomercury compound. Methylmercury is extremely toxic, and its derivatives are the major source of organic mercury for humans. It is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant."
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 2step [00:12,  6.03s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'
2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'
3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. TODO
4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER
5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER

Your current task is #3


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Wikipedia",
    "action_input": "Bioaccumulation in fish"
}
'''
Observation: Page: Bioaccumulation
Summary: Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism.  Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Thus, the longer the biological half-life of a toxic substance, the greater the risk of chronic poisoning, even if environmental levels of the toxin are not very high. Bioaccumulation, for example in fish, can be predicted by models. Hypothesis for molecular size cutoff criteria for use as bioaccumulation potential indicators are not supported by data. Biotransformation can strongly modify bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism.Toxicity induced by metals is associated with bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Storage or uptake of a metal faster than it is metabolized and excreted leads to the accumulation of that metal. The presence of various chemicals and harmful substances in the environment can be analyzed and assessed with a proper knowledge on bioaccumulation helping with chemical control and usage.An organism can take up chemicals by breathing, absorbing through skin or swallowing. When the concentration of a chemical is higher within the organism compared to its surroundings (air or water), it is referred to as bioconcentration. Biomagnification is another process related to bioaccumulation as the concentration of the chemical or metal increases as it moves up from one trophic level to another. Naturally, the process of bioaccumulation is necessary for an organism to grow and develop; however, accumulation of harmful substances can also occur.

Page: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
Summary: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS or PFASs) are a group of synthetic organofluorine chemical compounds that have multiple fluorine atoms attached to an alkyl chain. An early definition, from 2011, required that they contain at least one perfluoroalkyl moiety, –CnF2n+1–. Beginning in 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) expanded their terminology, stating that "PFASs are defined as fluorinated substances that contain at least one fully fluorinated methyl or methylene carbon atom (without any H/Cl/Br/I atom attached to it), i.e., with a few noted exceptions, any chemical with at least a perfluorinated methyl group (–CF3) or a perfluorinated methylene group (–CF2–) is a PFAS."According to the OECD, at least 4,730 distinct PFASs that contain at least three perfluorinated carbon atoms are known. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) toxicity database, DSSTox, lists 14,735 unique PFAS chemical compounds, while PubChem lists more than 6 million. The fluorinated surfactants or fluorosurfactants subgroup has a fluorinated "tail" and a hydrophilic "head" and are thus considered surfactants. These are more effective at reducing the surface tension of water than comparable hydrocarbon surfactants. They include the perfluorosulfonic acids, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and the perfluorocarboxylic acids like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).
Many PFASs were used in the mid-20th century in products and on materials due to their enhanced water-resistant properties, such as within Teflon or aqueous film forming foam. Only since the start of the 21st century has the environmental impact and toxicity to human and mammalian life been studied in depth. PFOS, PFOA and other PFASs are commonly described as persistent organic pollutants or "forever chemicals" because they remain in the environment for long periods of time. Residues have been detected in humans and wildlife, prompting concern about impacts on health. According to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, PFAS exposure is linked to increased risk of dyslipidemia (abnormally high cholesterol), suboptimal antibody response, reduced infant and fetal growth, and higher rates of kidney cancer.Health concerns related to PF
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish."
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 3step [00:22,  7.81s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'
2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'
3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. Done: 'Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish.'
4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. TODO
5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER

Your current task is #4


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "duckduckgo_search",
    "action_input": "tuna and salmon position in the food chain and bioaccumulation levels"
}
'''
Observation: This indicator focuses on trends for two types of toxic contaminant groups: legacy contaminants and contaminants of emerging concern (also called "emerging contaminants" or "chemicals of emerging concern"). It accumulates in the food chain and becomes concentrated at dangerous levels in larger and longer-lived predators such as bass, tuna, swordfish, and some sharks. Mercury can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. 8156 Accesses 2 Citations Abstract Man-made persistent pollutants (such as PCBs, pesticides and trace metals) reach aquatic organisms through the food chains. Pollutants are ingested and assimilated by smaller organisms, and their concentration in tissues increases from prey to predators. Foods | Free Full-Text | Risk Assessment and Characterization in Tuna Species of the Canary Islands According to Their Metal Content Journals Foods Volume 12 Issue 7 10.3390/foods12071438 share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles thumb_up Endorse textsms Comment settings Order Article Reprints Overview Contaminated media to which people might be exposed include air, water and sediment, soil and dust, food, aquatic biota, and consumer products. Aquatic biota (fish and shellfish) can become contaminated as a result of chemical input to water bodies and subsequent uptake and accumulation in muscle, fat, and other tissues.
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "The bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger and longer-lived predators such as tuna is a result of the accumulation of toxic contaminants in the food chain, leading to dangerous levels of concentration in these fish. Mercury, for example, can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. Man-made persistent pollutants such as PCBs, pesticides, and trace metals reach aquatic organisms through the food chains, with their concentration increasing from prey to predators."
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 4step [00:27,  6.96s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'
2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'
3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. Done: 'Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish.'
4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger and longer-lived predators such as tuna is a result of the accumulation of toxic contaminants in the food chain, leading to dangerous levels of concentration in these fish. Mercury, for example, can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. Man-made persistent pollutants such as PCBs, pesticides, and trace metals reach aquatic organisms through the food chains, with their concentration increasing from prey to predators.'
5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. TODO

Your current task is #5


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon."
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 5step [00:28,  5.78s/step]


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon."
}
'''

> Finished chain.

Observation: Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "Tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish."
}
'''

> Finished chain.


> Entering new LLMChain chain...
Prompt after formatting:

Given a question and an answer, your task is to check the apparent validity of the answer.
If the answer seems correct: answer 'VALID:'
In any other situation: answer in the format 'INVALID:REASON' replacing REASON by a brief explanation.

ALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.
APPROPRIATE FORMAT: either 'VALID:' or 'INVALID:REASON'

Example of valid output: 'VALID:'
Example of invalid output: 'INVALID:Michelle Obama is not the Prime minister of the UK'

Your turn now:

Here's the answer:
'''
Tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish.
'''

Here's the question:
'''
 Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants
'''


> Finished chain.
Validity checker output: VALID:

Token so far: 23885 or $0.024839999999999997
Tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish.
>

```

### Older demo
Question was: `Use 'complicated' to look up the age of the UK prime minister and of Angela Merkel, multiply them together then divide by the age of the wife of Barrack Obama.`
Total cost: 14901 tokens, so $0.015 using ChatGPT-3.5-turbo-1106

```
Chatting with web
Type 'exit' or 'quit' to exit
Type '!multi' to enter multiple lines, then '!end' to finish
> Use 'complicated' to look up the age of the UK prime minister and of Angela Merkel, multiply them together then divide by the age of the wife of Barrack Obama.


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "complicated",
    "action_input": "((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)"
}
'''

> Entering new LLMChain chain...
Prompt after formatting:

I want to answer the question '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'. Please generate up to 5 steps needed to answer that question.
Don't worry about intermediate steps seeming too complicated, we can subdivide them later on.
If the question is already phrased as a series of steps, just rewrite into the appropriate format.
Use your tools to answer the question.

ALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.
APPROPRIATE FORMAT: one step per line, without enumeration.

Example of format:
'''
Find the name of the owner of MacDonald's
Find his age
Multiply it by 4
Return the answer
'''

Your turn now:


> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 0step [00:00, ?step/s]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. TODO
2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. LATER
3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER
4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER
5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER

Your current task is #1


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "duckduckgo_search",
    "action_input": "current age of UK prime minister"
}
'''
Observation: The first prime minister of the current United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland upon its effective creation in 1922 (when 26 Irish counties seceded and created the Irish Free State) was Bonar Law, [10] although the country was not renamed officially until 1927, when Stanley Baldwin was the serving prime minister. [11] Rishi Sunak is the current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.He is one of the wealthiest politicians in Westminster, Britain as well as the first leader of colour. He replaced the former PM Liz ... The current monarch is King Charles III, who ascended the throne on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II . The monarch and their immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties. Jeremy Hunt, the current finance minister, held the office from 2018-2019, with former prime minister Johnson in situ for two years from July 2016 to July 2018. Vikki Velasquez Rishi Sunak is a former investment banker and hedge fund manager turned politician. He was appointed as prime minister of the United Kingdom by his peers in October 2022 after...
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "duckduckgo_search",
    "action_input": "Rishi Sunak age"
}
'''
Observation: (1980-) Who Is Rishi Sunak? Following a successful early career in finance, Rishi Sunak entered Parliament as a Conservative MP from Richmond in 2015. Named Chancellor of the Exchequer just... Sunak became the first non-White person to lead the country and, at age 42, the youngest to take on the role in more than a century. Like most politicians, Sunak is revered by some and... Rishi Sunak and his wife, Akshata Murty, boarding a plane in Tokyo to travel to Hiroshima for the G7 Summit in Japan in May 2023. Photograph: Stefan Rousseau/PA The details-obsessed technocrat. general knowledge Current GK Rishi Sunak Biography: Birth, Age, Parents, Education, Political Career, Net Worth, And More Rishi Sunak has become the first Indian-origin Prime Minister of... Prime Miniser Rishi Sunak is the first Asian leader the UK has ever had and is also one of the youngest - but what else do we need to know about him? Background, age and where he's from revealed. Rishi Sunak officially became the UK's new prime minister following Liz Truss ' shock resignation after just 45 days.
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "42"
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 1step [00:09,  9.65s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'
2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. TODO
3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER
4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER
5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER

Your current task is #2


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Wikipedia",
    "action_input": "Angela Merkel"
}
'''
Observation: Page: Angela Merkel
Summary: Angela Dorothea Merkel  (German: [aŋˈɡeːla doʁoˈteːa ˈmɛʁkl̩] ; née Kasner; born 17 July 1954) is a German former politician and scientist who served as chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. A member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), she previously served as Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and as Leader of the Christian Democratic Union from 2000 to 2018. Merkel was the first female chancellor of Germany. During her chancellorship, Merkel was frequently referred to as the de facto leader of the European Union (EU) and the most powerful woman in the world. Beginning in 2016, she was often described as the leader of the free world.Merkel was born in Hamburg in then-West Germany. Her family moved to East Germany when she was an infant. Merkel obtained a doctorate in quantum chemistry in 1986 and worked as a research scientist until 1989. She then entered politics in the wake of the Revolutions of 1989, briefly serving as deputy spokeswoman for the first democratically elected government of East Germany led by Lothar de Maizière. Following German reunification in 1990, Merkel was elected to the Bundestag for the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. As the protégée of chancellor Helmut Kohl, Merkel was appointed as Minister for Women and Youth in 1991, later becoming Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in 1994. After the CDU lost the 1998 federal election, Merkel was elected general secretary of the party. She then became the party's first female leader, and the first female Leader of the Opposition two years later.
Following the 2005 federal election, Merkel was elected chancellor, leading a grand coalition consisting of the CDU, the Christian Social Union (CSU), and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). She was the first woman to be elected chancellor, and the first chancellor of reunified Germany to have been raised in the former East Germany. In the 2009 federal election, the CDU obtained the largest share of the vote, and Merkel subsequently formed a coalition government with the Free Democratic Party (FDP), an alliance more favourable to the CDU than the grand coalition. In the 2013 federal election, the CDU won a landslide victory and formed a second grand coalition with the SPD, after the FDP lost all of its representation in the Bundestag. In the 2017 federal election, Merkel led the CDU to become the largest party for the fourth time, resulting in the formation of a third grand coalition with the SPD.In foreign policy, Merkel emphasised international cooperation, both in the context of the EU and NATO, and the strengthening of transatlantic economic relations. In 2008, Merkel served as president of the European Council and played a central role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Lisbon and the Berlin Declaration. Merkel's governments managed the global 2007–2008 financial crisis and the European debt crisis. She negotiated the 2008 European Union stimulus plan, which focused on infrastructure spending and public investment to counteract the Great Recession. In domestic policy, Merkel's Energiewende program supported the development of renewable energy sources and eventually phased out the use of nuclear power in Germany. Reforms to the Bundeswehr, health care reform, the 2010s European migrant crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic were major issues during her chancellorship. Merkel stepped down as leader of the CDU and did not seek a fifth term as chancellor in the 2021 federal election.

Page: Family of Angela Merkel
Summary: The family of Angela Merkel, the former Chancellor of Germany, is of German and Polish descent. Merkel was born Angela Dorothea Kasner on 17 July 1954
in Hamburg. The Kasner name is derived from Jan Kaźmierczak, a Pole from Poznań who lived in the 18th century. Merkel's grandfather changed the name to Kasner in 1930. Merkel has been married twice, and kept the name of her first husband, Ulrich Merkel. Angela Merkel's
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "67"
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 2step [00:16,  8.06s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'
2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'
3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. TODO
4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER
5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER

Your current task is #3


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Wikipedia",
    "action_input": "Michelle Obama"
}
'''
Observation: Page: Michelle Obama
Summary: Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American attorney and author who served as the first lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017, being married to former president Barack Obama.
Raised on the South Side of Chicago, Obama is a graduate of Princeton University and Harvard Law School. In her early legal career, she worked at the law firm Sidley Austin where she met her future husband. She subsequently worked in nonprofits and as the associate dean of Student Services at the University of Chicago. Later she served as, vice president for Community and External Affairs of the University of Chicago Medical Center. Michelle married Barack in 1992 and they have two daughters.
Obama campaigned for her husband's presidential bid throughout 2007 and 2008, delivering a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. She has subsequently delivered acclaimed speeches at the 2012, 2016, and 2020 conventions. As first lady, Obama served as a role model for women and worked as an advocate for poverty awareness, education, nutrition, physical activity, and healthy eating. She supported American designers and was considered a fashion icon. Obama was the first African-American woman to serve as first lady.
After her husband's presidency, Obama's influence has remained high. In 2020, she topped Gallup's poll of the most admired woman in America for the third year running.

Page: Family of Barack Obama
Summary: The family of Barack Obama, the 44th president of the United States, is a prominent American family active in law, education, activism and politics. Obama's immediate family circle was the first family of the United States from 2009 to 2017, and are the first such family of African-American descent. His immediate family includes his wife Michelle Obama and daughters Malia and Sasha.
Obama's wider ancestry is made up of people of Kenyan (Luo), African-American, and Old Stock American (including originally English, Scots-Irish, Welsh, German, and Swiss) ancestry.

Page: First Lady Michelle Obama (painting)
Summary: First Lady Michelle Obama, initially titled Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama, is a portrait of former First Lady of the United States Michelle Obama, painted by the artist Amy Sherald. Unveiled in 2018, it hangs in the National Portrait Gallery (NPG) in Washington, D.C. The six-by-five-foot (1.8 by 1.5 m) oil-on-linen painting shows Obama, rendered in Sherald's signature grisaille, resting her chin lightly on her hand, as a geometric print dress flows outward filling the frame against a sky-blue background.
Praised by critics and immensely popular with museum visitors, the National Portrait Gallery's attendance doubled in the two years after the unveiling of Sherald's portrait along with Kehinde Wiley's portrait of President Barack Obama. Museum director Kim Sajet credits Sherald and Wiley with reinvigorating the genre of portrait painting. Sherald and Wiley were also the first African American artists to receive commissions for National Portrait Gallery presidential portraits.


Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "57"
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 3step [00:21,  6.50s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'
2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'
3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. Done: '57'
4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. TODO
5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER

Your current task is #4


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "2814"
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 4step [00:23,  4.64s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.

Here is the task planning:
1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'
2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'
3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. Done: '57'
4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. Done: '2814'
5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. TODO

Your current task is #5


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "49.26315789473684"
}
'''

> Finished chain.
Executing complicated task: 5step [00:27,  5.42s/step]


> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...
'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "49.26315789473684"
}
'''

> Finished chain.

Observation: 49.26315789473684
Thought:'''json
{
    "action": "Final Answer",
    "action_input": "49.26315789473684"
}
'''

> Finished chain.

Token so far: 14901 or $0.015279
49.26315789473684
>

```

            

Raw data

            {
    "_id": null,
    "home_page": "",
    "name": "llm-web",
    "maintainer": "",
    "docs_url": null,
    "requires_python": ">=3.9",
    "maintainer_email": "",
    "keywords": "llm,openai,agent,simonw,websearch,web,search",
    "author": "thiswillbeyourgithub",
    "author_email": "",
    "download_url": "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/85/f6/a12b96d56d58733b2839424f59b8bc286cc3af4ca65eb07f35f72d358932/llm-web-0.8.tar.gz",
    "platform": null,
    "description": "# llm_web\nPlugin for [llm](https://llm.datasette.io/) by the great [simonw](https://simonwillison.net/) to add a simple langchain agent that searches the web.\n\n## Note\n* to install: `llm install llm-web`\n* to run: `llm chat -m web`\n* Very early stage, done mostly while procrastinating work. Will improve a lot.\n\n## Features\n* Multiple search engines: duckduckgo, metaphor, tavily, wikipedia\n* BigTask tool: used to split a task into subtasks\n* Math tool: calculator included\n\n## TODO\n* tell simonw\n* make autonomous agent more stable\n* find a way to implement streaming\n* *later* use griptape instead of langchain when they implement their search?\n\n## DEMO\n### DEMO #1\nQuestion was: `Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants`\nTotal cost:  23885 or $0.0248 using ChatGPT-3.5-turbo-1106\n\n```\nType 'exit' or 'quit' to exit\nType '!multi' to enter multiple lines, then '!end' to finish\n>  Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"BigTask\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Entering new LLMChain chain...\nPrompt after formatting:\n\nAt the end, I want to answer the question 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'. Your task is to generate a few intermediate steps needed to answer that question. Don't create steps that are too vague or that would need to be broken down themselves.\nThe number of steps should ideally be 3 to 5, but can be up to 10 if the question specifically asks for an indepth search.\nIf the question is already phrased as a series of steps, just rewrite into the appropriate format.\nUse your tools to answer the question.\n\nALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.\nAPPROPRIATE FORMAT: one step per line, without enumeration.\n\nExample of format:\n'''\nFind the name of the owner of MacDonald's\nFind his age\nMultiply it by 4\nReturn the answer\n'''\n\nYour turn now:\n\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 0step [00:00, ?step/s]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. TODO\n2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. LATER\n3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. LATER\n4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER\n5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER\n\nYour current task is #1\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"duckduckgo_search\",\n    \"action_input\": \"bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: Once heavy metals enter the aquatic systems, they are dissolved in the water and easily accumulate in the different parts of aquatic living organisms, including fish, and subsequently enter into consumers of these contaminated fish [ 9 ]. Salish Sea Toxics in the Food Web Updated June 2021 based on data available through December 2020. Neutral Trend Concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Organic pollutants Toxins Trace elements Download chapter PDF Learning goals Understand how different pollutants affect marine mammals. Learn how biomagnification and bioaccumulation affect marine life. Learn how to monitor wildlife health by post-mortem examinations. 1 Introduction Biotransport of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals by Pacific Salmon in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean Vasiliy Tsygankov Chapter First Online: 31 October 2023 14 Accesses Part of the Earth and Environmental Sciences Library book series (EESL) Abstract 1 Citations Metrics Abstract In the first review of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fish in water ecosystems in Serbia, 40 studies related to fish contamination with PTEs were identified and evaluated. Studies of concentrations of PTEs in fish tissues covered 28 ecosystems (108 localities).\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 1step [00:06,  6.47s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'\n2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. TODO\n3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. LATER\n4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER\n5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER\n\nYour current task is #2\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Wikipedia\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: Page: Bioaccumulation\nSummary: Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism.  Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Thus, the longer the biological half-life of a toxic substance, the greater the risk of chronic poisoning, even if environmental levels of the toxin are not very high. Bioaccumulation, for example in fish, can be predicted by models. Hypothesis for molecular size cutoff criteria for use as bioaccumulation potential indicators are not supported by data. Biotransformation can strongly modify bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism.Toxicity induced by metals is associated with bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Storage or uptake of a metal faster than it is metabolized and excreted leads to the accumulation of that metal. The presence of various chemicals and harmful substances in the environment can be analyzed and assessed with a proper knowledge on bioaccumulation helping with chemical control and usage.An organism can take up chemicals by breathing, absorbing through skin or swallowing. When the concentration of a chemical is higher within the organism compared to its surroundings (air or water), it is referred to as bioconcentration. Biomagnification is another process related to bioaccumulation as the concentration of the chemical or metal increases as it moves up from one trophic level to another. Naturally, the process of bioaccumulation is necessary for an organism to grow and develop; however, accumulation of harmful substances can also occur.\n\nPage: Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances\nSummary: Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances (PBTs) are a class of compounds that have high resistance to degradation from abiotic and biotic factors, high mobility in the environment and high toxicity.  Because of these factors PBTs have been observed to have a high order of bioaccumulation and biomagnification, very long retention times in various media, and widespread distribution across the globe.  Most PBTs in the environment are either created through industry or are unintentional byproducts.\n\nPage: Methylmercury\nSummary: Methylmercury (sometimes methyl mercury) is an organometallic cation with the formula [CH3Hg]+. It is the simplest organomercury compound. Methylmercury is extremely toxic, and its derivatives are the major source of organic mercury for humans. It is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 2step [00:12,  6.03s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'\n2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'\n3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. TODO\n4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. LATER\n5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER\n\nYour current task is #3\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Wikipedia\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Bioaccumulation in fish\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: Page: Bioaccumulation\nSummary: Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism.  Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Thus, the longer the biological half-life of a toxic substance, the greater the risk of chronic poisoning, even if environmental levels of the toxin are not very high. Bioaccumulation, for example in fish, can be predicted by models. Hypothesis for molecular size cutoff criteria for use as bioaccumulation potential indicators are not supported by data. Biotransformation can strongly modify bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism.Toxicity induced by metals is associated with bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Storage or uptake of a metal faster than it is metabolized and excreted leads to the accumulation of that metal. The presence of various chemicals and harmful substances in the environment can be analyzed and assessed with a proper knowledge on bioaccumulation helping with chemical control and usage.An organism can take up chemicals by breathing, absorbing through skin or swallowing. When the concentration of a chemical is higher within the organism compared to its surroundings (air or water), it is referred to as bioconcentration. Biomagnification is another process related to bioaccumulation as the concentration of the chemical or metal increases as it moves up from one trophic level to another. Naturally, the process of bioaccumulation is necessary for an organism to grow and develop; however, accumulation of harmful substances can also occur.\n\nPage: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances\nSummary: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS or PFASs) are a group of synthetic organofluorine chemical compounds that have multiple fluorine atoms attached to an alkyl chain. An early definition, from 2011, required that they contain at least one perfluoroalkyl moiety, \u2013CnF2n+1\u2013. Beginning in 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) expanded their terminology, stating that \"PFASs are defined as fluorinated substances that contain at least one fully fluorinated methyl or methylene carbon atom (without any H/Cl/Br/I atom attached to it), i.e., with a few noted exceptions, any chemical with at least a perfluorinated methyl group (\u2013CF3) or a perfluorinated methylene group (\u2013CF2\u2013) is a PFAS.\"According to the OECD, at least 4,730 distinct PFASs that contain at least three perfluorinated carbon atoms are known. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) toxicity database, DSSTox, lists 14,735 unique PFAS chemical compounds, while PubChem lists more than 6 million. The fluorinated surfactants or fluorosurfactants subgroup has a fluorinated \"tail\" and a hydrophilic \"head\" and are thus considered surfactants. These are more effective at reducing the surface tension of water than comparable hydrocarbon surfactants. They include the perfluorosulfonic acids, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and the perfluorocarboxylic acids like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).\nMany PFASs were used in the mid-20th century in products and on materials due to their enhanced water-resistant properties, such as within Teflon or aqueous film forming foam. Only since the start of the 21st century has the environmental impact and toxicity to human and mammalian life been studied in depth. PFOS, PFOA and other PFASs are commonly described as persistent organic pollutants or \"forever chemicals\" because they remain in the environment for long periods of time. Residues have been detected in humans and wildlife, prompting concern about impacts on health. According to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, PFAS exposure is linked to increased risk of dyslipidemia (abnormally high cholesterol), suboptimal antibody response, reduced infant and fetal growth, and higher rates of kidney cancer.Health concerns related to PF\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 3step [00:22,  7.81s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'\n2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'\n3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. Done: 'Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish.'\n4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. TODO\n5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. LATER\n\nYour current task is #4\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"duckduckgo_search\",\n    \"action_input\": \"tuna and salmon position in the food chain and bioaccumulation levels\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: This indicator focuses on trends for two types of toxic contaminant groups: legacy contaminants and contaminants of emerging concern (also called \"emerging contaminants\" or \"chemicals of emerging concern\"). It accumulates in the food chain and becomes concentrated at dangerous levels in larger and longer-lived predators such as bass, tuna, swordfish, and some sharks. Mercury can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. 8156 Accesses 2 Citations Abstract Man-made persistent pollutants (such as PCBs, pesticides and trace metals) reach aquatic organisms through the food chains. Pollutants are ingested and assimilated by smaller organisms, and their concentration in tissues increases from prey to predators. Foods | Free Full-Text | Risk Assessment and Characterization in Tuna Species of the Canary Islands According to Their Metal Content Journals Foods Volume 12 Issue 7 10.3390/foods12071438 share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles thumb_up Endorse textsms Comment settings Order Article Reprints Overview Contaminated media to which people might be exposed include air, water and sediment, soil and dust, food, aquatic biota, and consumer products. Aquatic biota (fish and shellfish) can become contaminated as a result of chemical input to water bodies and subsequent uptake and accumulation in muscle, fat, and other tissues.\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"The bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger and longer-lived predators such as tuna is a result of the accumulation of toxic contaminants in the food chain, leading to dangerous levels of concentration in these fish. Mercury, for example, can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. Man-made persistent pollutants such as PCBs, pesticides, and trace metals reach aquatic organisms through the food chains, with their concentration increasing from prey to predators.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 4step [00:27,  6.96s/step]The end goal it to answer this: 'Salmon and tuna are both susceptible to bioaccumulation of pollutants, but the extent of bioaccumulation can vary based on factors such as species, habitat, and diet. However, in general, larger predatory fish such as tuna tend to accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to their position in the food chain. Therefore, tuna is generally considered to have a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Research the bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in salmon and tuna is a result of the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in the aquatic systems, which are then absorbed by the fish and subsequently enter into the consumers of these contaminated fish. The concentrations of harmful legacy metals and persistent organic pollutants have been decreasing in animal and plant life over time in many locations. Additionally, studies have evaluated fish contamination with potentially toxic elements in various ecosystems.'\n2. Identify the factors that can affect the extent of bioaccumulation in fish. Done: 'Factors affecting bioaccumulation in fish include the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification. Additionally, the presence of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) can contribute to high levels of bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fish. Methylmercury, for example, is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant.'\n3. Compare the bioaccumulation levels in salmon and tuna based on species, habitat, and diet. Done: 'Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Factors such as the organism's biological half-life of a toxic substance, biotransformation, toxicity induced by metals, bioconcentration, and biomagnification can affect bioaccumulation in fish.'\n4. Analyze the position of tuna and salmon in the food chain and its impact on bioaccumulation levels. Done: 'The bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger and longer-lived predators such as tuna is a result of the accumulation of toxic contaminants in the food chain, leading to dangerous levels of concentration in these fish. Mercury, for example, can be methylated by certain bacteria in bottom sediments to form methylmercury, which is more toxic and bioavailable than other forms of mercury. Man-made persistent pollutants such as PCBs, pesticides, and trace metals reach aquatic organisms through the food chains, with their concentration increasing from prey to predators.'\n5. Draw a conclusion on the relative risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants in tuna compared to salmon. TODO\n\nYour current task is #5\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 5step [00:28,  5.78s/step]\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\n\nObservation: Based on the factors discussed, including the bioaccumulation of pollutants in larger predatory fish such as tuna due to their position in the food chain, it can be concluded that tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon.\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Tuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish.\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\n\n\n> Entering new LLMChain chain...\nPrompt after formatting:\n\nGiven a question and an answer, your task is to check the apparent validity of the answer.\nIf the answer seems correct: answer 'VALID:'\nIn any other situation: answer in the format 'INVALID:REASON' replacing REASON by a brief explanation.\n\nALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.\nAPPROPRIATE FORMAT: either 'VALID:' or 'INVALID:REASON'\n\nExample of valid output: 'VALID:'\nExample of invalid output: 'INVALID:Michelle Obama is not the Prime minister of the UK'\n\nYour turn now:\n\nHere's the answer:\n'''\nTuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish.\n'''\n\nHere's the question:\n'''\n Use bigtask to tell me if salmon or tuna is the worst in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants\n'''\n\n\n> Finished chain.\nValidity checker output: VALID:\n\nToken so far: 23885 or $0.024839999999999997\nTuna generally has a higher risk of bioaccumulation of pollutants compared to salmon, primarily due to its position in the food chain and its status as a larger predatory fish.\n>\n\n```\n\n### Older demo\nQuestion was: `Use 'complicated' to look up the age of the UK prime minister and of Angela Merkel, multiply them together then divide by the age of the wife of Barrack Obama.`\nTotal cost: 14901 tokens, so $0.015 using ChatGPT-3.5-turbo-1106\n\n```\nChatting with web\nType 'exit' or 'quit' to exit\nType '!multi' to enter multiple lines, then '!end' to finish\n> Use 'complicated' to look up the age of the UK prime minister and of Angela Merkel, multiply them together then divide by the age of the wife of Barrack Obama.\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"complicated\",\n    \"action_input\": \"((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Entering new LLMChain chain...\nPrompt after formatting:\n\nI want to answer the question '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'. Please generate up to 5 steps needed to answer that question.\nDon't worry about intermediate steps seeming too complicated, we can subdivide them later on.\nIf the question is already phrased as a series of steps, just rewrite into the appropriate format.\nUse your tools to answer the question.\n\nALWAYS answer using the appropriate format.\nAPPROPRIATE FORMAT: one step per line, without enumeration.\n\nExample of format:\n'''\nFind the name of the owner of MacDonald's\nFind his age\nMultiply it by 4\nReturn the answer\n'''\n\nYour turn now:\n\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 0step [00:00, ?step/s]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. TODO\n2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. LATER\n3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER\n5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n\nYour current task is #1\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"duckduckgo_search\",\n    \"action_input\": \"current age of UK prime minister\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: The first prime minister of the current United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland upon its effective creation in 1922 (when 26 Irish counties seceded and created the Irish Free State) was Bonar Law, [10] although the country was not renamed officially until 1927, when Stanley Baldwin was the serving prime minister. [11] Rishi Sunak is the current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.He is one of the wealthiest politicians in Westminster, Britain as well as the first leader of colour. He replaced the former PM Liz ... The current monarch is King Charles III, who ascended the throne on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II . The monarch and their immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties. Jeremy Hunt, the current finance minister, held the office from 2018-2019, with former prime minister Johnson in situ for two years from July 2016 to July 2018. Vikki Velasquez Rishi Sunak is a former investment banker and hedge fund manager turned politician. He was appointed as prime minister of the United Kingdom by his peers in October 2022 after...\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"duckduckgo_search\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Rishi Sunak age\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: (1980-) Who Is Rishi Sunak? Following a successful early career in finance, Rishi Sunak entered Parliament as a Conservative MP from Richmond in 2015. Named Chancellor of the Exchequer just... Sunak became the first non-White person to lead the country and, at age 42, the youngest to take on the role in more than a century. Like most politicians, Sunak is revered by some and... Rishi Sunak and his wife, Akshata Murty, boarding a plane in Tokyo to travel to Hiroshima for the G7 Summit in Japan in May 2023. Photograph: Stefan Rousseau/PA The details-obsessed technocrat. general knowledge Current GK Rishi Sunak Biography: Birth, Age, Parents, Education, Political Career, Net Worth, And More Rishi Sunak has become the first Indian-origin Prime Minister of... Prime Miniser Rishi Sunak is the first Asian leader the UK has ever had and is also one of the youngest - but what else do we need to know about him? Background, age and where he's from revealed. Rishi Sunak officially became the UK's new prime minister following Liz Truss ' shock resignation after just 45 days.\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"42\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 1step [00:09,  9.65s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'\n2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. TODO\n3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER\n5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n\nYour current task is #2\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Wikipedia\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Angela Merkel\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: Page: Angela Merkel\nSummary: Angela Dorothea Merkel  (German: [a\u014b\u02c8\u0261e\u02d0la do\u0281o\u02c8te\u02d0a \u02c8m\u025b\u0281kl\u0329] ; n\u00e9e Kasner; born 17 July 1954) is a German former politician and scientist who served as chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. A member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), she previously served as Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and as Leader of the Christian Democratic Union from 2000 to 2018. Merkel was the first female chancellor of Germany. During her chancellorship, Merkel was frequently referred to as the de facto leader of the European Union (EU) and the most powerful woman in the world. Beginning in 2016, she was often described as the leader of the free world.Merkel was born in Hamburg in then-West Germany. Her family moved to East Germany when she was an infant. Merkel obtained a doctorate in quantum chemistry in 1986 and worked as a research scientist until 1989. She then entered politics in the wake of the Revolutions of 1989, briefly serving as deputy spokeswoman for the first democratically elected government of East Germany led by Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re. Following German reunification in 1990, Merkel was elected to the Bundestag for the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. As the prot\u00e9g\u00e9e of chancellor Helmut Kohl, Merkel was appointed as Minister for Women and Youth in 1991, later becoming Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in 1994. After the CDU lost the 1998 federal election, Merkel was elected general secretary of the party. She then became the party's first female leader, and the first female Leader of the Opposition two years later.\nFollowing the 2005 federal election, Merkel was elected chancellor, leading a grand coalition consisting of the CDU, the Christian Social Union (CSU), and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). She was the first woman to be elected chancellor, and the first chancellor of reunified Germany to have been raised in the former East Germany. In the 2009 federal election, the CDU obtained the largest share of the vote, and Merkel subsequently formed a coalition government with the Free Democratic Party (FDP), an alliance more favourable to the CDU than the grand coalition. In the 2013 federal election, the CDU won a landslide victory and formed a second grand coalition with the SPD, after the FDP lost all of its representation in the Bundestag. In the 2017 federal election, Merkel led the CDU to become the largest party for the fourth time, resulting in the formation of a third grand coalition with the SPD.In foreign policy, Merkel emphasised international cooperation, both in the context of the EU and NATO, and the strengthening of transatlantic economic relations. In 2008, Merkel served as president of the European Council and played a central role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Lisbon and the Berlin Declaration. Merkel's governments managed the global 2007\u20132008 financial crisis and the European debt crisis. She negotiated the 2008 European Union stimulus plan, which focused on infrastructure spending and public investment to counteract the Great Recession. In domestic policy, Merkel's Energiewende program supported the development of renewable energy sources and eventually phased out the use of nuclear power in Germany. Reforms to the Bundeswehr, health care reform, the 2010s European migrant crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic were major issues during her chancellorship. Merkel stepped down as leader of the CDU and did not seek a fifth term as chancellor in the 2021 federal election.\n\nPage: Family of Angela Merkel\nSummary: The family of Angela Merkel, the former Chancellor of Germany, is of German and Polish descent. Merkel was born Angela Dorothea Kasner on 17 July 1954\nin Hamburg. The Kasner name is derived from Jan Ka\u017amierczak, a Pole from Pozna\u0144 who lived in the 18th century. Merkel's grandfather changed the name to Kasner in 1930. Merkel has been married twice, and kept the name of her first husband, Ulrich Merkel. Angela Merkel's\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"67\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 2step [00:16,  8.06s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'\n2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'\n3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. TODO\n4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. LATER\n5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n\nYour current task is #3\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Wikipedia\",\n    \"action_input\": \"Michelle Obama\"\n}\n'''\nObservation: Page: Michelle Obama\nSummary: Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American attorney and author who served as the first lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017, being married to former president Barack Obama.\nRaised on the South Side of Chicago, Obama is a graduate of Princeton University and Harvard Law School. In her early legal career, she worked at the law firm Sidley Austin where she met her future husband. She subsequently worked in nonprofits and as the associate dean of Student Services at the University of Chicago. Later she served as, vice president for Community and External Affairs of the University of Chicago Medical Center. Michelle married Barack in 1992 and they have two daughters.\nObama campaigned for her husband's presidential bid throughout 2007 and 2008, delivering a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. She has subsequently delivered acclaimed speeches at the 2012, 2016, and 2020 conventions. As first lady, Obama served as a role model for women and worked as an advocate for poverty awareness, education, nutrition, physical activity, and healthy eating. She supported American designers and was considered a fashion icon. Obama was the first African-American woman to serve as first lady.\nAfter her husband's presidency, Obama's influence has remained high. In 2020, she topped Gallup's poll of the most admired woman in America for the third year running.\n\nPage: Family of Barack Obama\nSummary: The family of Barack Obama, the 44th president of the United States, is a prominent American family active in law, education, activism and politics. Obama's immediate family circle was the first family of the United States from 2009 to 2017, and are the first such family of African-American descent. His immediate family includes his wife Michelle Obama and daughters Malia and Sasha.\nObama's wider ancestry is made up of people of Kenyan (Luo), African-American, and Old Stock American (including originally English, Scots-Irish, Welsh, German, and Swiss) ancestry.\n\nPage: First Lady Michelle Obama (painting)\nSummary: First Lady Michelle Obama, initially titled Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama, is a portrait of former First Lady of the United States Michelle Obama, painted by the artist Amy Sherald. Unveiled in 2018, it hangs in the National Portrait Gallery (NPG) in Washington, D.C. The six-by-five-foot (1.8 by 1.5 m) oil-on-linen painting shows Obama, rendered in Sherald's signature grisaille, resting her chin lightly on her hand, as a geometric print dress flows outward filling the frame against a sky-blue background.\nPraised by critics and immensely popular with museum visitors, the National Portrait Gallery's attendance doubled in the two years after the unveiling of Sherald's portrait along with Kehinde Wiley's portrait of President Barack Obama. Museum director Kim Sajet credits Sherald and Wiley with reinvigorating the genre of portrait painting. Sherald and Wiley were also the first African American artists to receive commissions for National Portrait Gallery presidential portraits.\n\n\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"57\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 3step [00:21,  6.50s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'\n2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'\n3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. Done: '57'\n4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. TODO\n5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. LATER\n\nYour current task is #4\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"2814\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 4step [00:23,  4.64s/step]The end goal it to answer this: '((age of UK prime minister) * (age of Angela Merkel)) / (age of the wife of Barack Obama)'.\n\nHere is the task planning:\n1. Find the current age of the UK prime minister. Done: '42'\n2. Find the current age of Angela Merkel. Done: '67'\n3. Find the current age of the wife of Barack Obama. Done: '57'\n4. Multiply the age of the UK prime minister by the age of Angela Merkel. Done: '2814'\n5. Divide the result by the age of the wife of Barack Obama. TODO\n\nYour current task is #5\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"49.26315789473684\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\nExecuting complicated task: 5step [00:27,  5.42s/step]\n\n\n> Entering new AgentExecutor chain...\n'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"49.26315789473684\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\n\nObservation: 49.26315789473684\nThought:'''json\n{\n    \"action\": \"Final Answer\",\n    \"action_input\": \"49.26315789473684\"\n}\n'''\n\n> Finished chain.\n\nToken so far: 14901 or $0.015279\n49.26315789473684\n>\n\n```\n",
    "bugtrack_url": null,
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It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the \"copyright\" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.  <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:  <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author> This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.  The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an \"about box\".  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>. ",
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