| Name | mini-racer JSON |
| Version |
0.12.4
JSON |
| download |
| home_page | None |
| Summary | Minimal, modern embedded V8 for Python. |
| upload_time | 2024-06-20 14:44:39 |
| maintainer | None |
| docs_url | None |
| author | None |
| requires_python | >=3.8 |
| license | None |
| keywords |
py_mini_racer
|
| VCS |
 |
| bugtrack_url |
|
| requirements |
No requirements were recorded.
|
| Travis-CI |
No Travis.
|
| coveralls test coverage |
No coveralls.
|
[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mini_racer)
[](https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer/actions/workflows/build.yml)
[](https://opensource.org/licenses/ISC)
Minimal, modern embedded V8 for Python.
[Full documentation](https://bpcreech.com/PyMiniRacer/).
## Features
- Latest ECMAScript support
- Web Assembly support
- Unicode support
- Thread safe
- Re-usable contexts
MiniRacer can be easily used by Django or Flask projects to minify assets, run babel or
WASM modules.
## New home! (As of March 2024)
PyMiniRacer was created by [Sqreen](https://github.com/sqreen), and originally lived at
<https://github.com/sqreen/PyMiniRacer> with the PyPI package
[`py-mini-racer`](https://pypi.org/project/py-mini-racer/).
As of March 2024, after a few years without updates, [I](https://bpcreech.com) have
reached out to the original Sqreen team. We agreed that I should fork PyMiniRacer,
giving it a new home at <https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer> with a new PyPI
package [`mini-racer`](https://pypi.org/project/mini-racer/) (*note: no `py-`*). It now
has [a new version](https://bpcreech.com/PyMiniRacer/history/#070-2024-03-06) for the
first time since 2021!
## Examples
MiniRacer is straightforward to use:
```sh
$ pip install mini-racer
```
and then:
```python
$ python3
>>> from py_mini_racer import MiniRacer
>>> ctx = MiniRacer()
>>> ctx.eval("1+1")
2
>>> ctx.eval("var x = {company: 'Sqreen'}; x.company")
'Sqreen'
>>> print(ctx.eval("'❤'"))
❤
>>> ctx.eval("var fun = () => ({ foo: 1 });")
```
Variables are kept inside of a context:
```python
>>> ctx.eval("x.company")
'Sqreen'
```
You can evaluate whole scripts within JavaScript, or define and return JavaScript
function objects and call them from Python (*new in v0.11.0*):
```python
>>> square = ctx.eval("a => a*a")
>>> square(4)
16
```
JavaScript Objects and Arrays are modeled in Python as dictionaries and lists (or, more
precisely,
[`MutableMapping`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.MutableMapping)
and
[`MutableSequence`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.MutableSequence)
instances), respectively (*new in v0.11.0*):
```python
>>> obj = ctx.eval("var obj = {'foo': 'bar'}; obj")
>>> obj["foo"]
'bar'
>>> list(obj.keys())
['foo']
>>> arr = ctx.eval("var arr = ['a', 'b']; arr")
>>> arr[1]
'b'
>>> 'a' in arr
True
>>> arr.append(obj)
>>> ctx.eval("JSON.stringify(arr)")
'["a","b",{"foo":"bar"}]'
```
Meanwhile, `call` uses JSON to transfer data between JavaScript and Python, and converts
data in bulk:
```python
>>> ctx.call("fun")
{'foo': 1}
```
Composite values are serialized using JSON. Use a custom JSON encoder when sending
non-JSON encodable parameters:
```python
import json
from datetime import datetime
class CustomEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
def default(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, datetime):
return obj.isoformat()
return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
```
```python
>>> ctx.eval("var f = function(args) { return args; }")
>>> ctx.call("f", datetime.now(), encoder=CustomEncoder)
'2017-03-31T16:51:02.474118'
```
MiniRacer is ES6 capable:
```python
>>> ctx.execute("[1,2,3].includes(5)")
False
```
MiniRacer supports asynchronous execution using JS `Promise` instances (*new in
v0.10.0*):
```python
>>> promise = ctx.eval(
... "new Promise((res, rej) => setTimeout(() => res(42), 10000))")
>>> promise.get() # blocks for 10 seconds, and then:
42
```
You can use JS `Promise` instances with Python `async` (*new in v0.10.0*):
```python
>>> import asyncio
>>> async def demo():
... promise = ctx.eval(
... "new Promise((res, rej) => setTimeout(() => res(42), 10000))")
... return await promise
...
>>> asyncio.run(demo()) # blocks for 10 seconds, and then:
42
```
JavaScript `null` and `undefined` are modeled in Python as `None` and `JSUndefined`,
respectively:
```python
>>> list(ctx.eval("[undefined, null]"))
[JSUndefined, None]
```
You can install callbacks from JavaScript to Python (*new in v0.12.0*):
```python
>>> async def read_file(fn):
... with open(fn) as f: # (or aiofiles would be even better here)
... return f.read()
...
>>> async def get_dictionary():
... async with ctx.wrap_py_function(read_file) as jsfunc:
... # "Install" our JS function on the global "this" object:
... ctx.eval('this')['read_file'] = jsfunc
... d = await ctx.eval('this.read_file("/usr/share/dict/words")')
... return d.split()
...
>>> dictionary = asyncio.run(get_dictionary())
>>> print(dictionary[0:10])
['A', 'AA', 'AAA', "AA's", 'AB', 'ABC', "ABC's", 'ABCs', 'ABM', "ABM's"]
```
*Note that adding Python callbacks may degrade the security properties of PyMiniRacer!
See [PyMiniRacer's security goals](ARCHITECTURE.md#security-goals).*
MiniRacer supports [the ECMA `Intl` API](https://tc39.es/ecma402/):
```python
# Indonesian dates!
>>> ctx.eval('Intl.DateTimeFormat(["ban", "id"]).format(new Date())')
'16/3/2024'
```
V8 heap information can be retrieved:
```python
>>> ctx.heap_stats()
{'total_physical_size': 1613896,
'used_heap_size': 1512520,
'total_heap_size': 3997696,
'total_heap_size_executable': 3145728,
'heap_size_limit': 1501560832}
```
A WASM example is available in the
[`tests`](https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer/blob/master/tests/test_wasm.py).
## Compatibility
PyMiniRacer is compatible with Python 3.8-3.12 and is based on `ctypes`.
PyMiniRacer is distributed using [wheels](https://pythonwheels.com/) on
[PyPI](https://pypi.org/). The wheels are intended to provide compatibility with:
| OS | x86_64 | aarch64 |
| ------------------------------- | ------ | ------- |
| macOS ≥ 10.9 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Windows ≥ 10 | ✓ | ✖ |
| Ubuntu ≥ 20.04 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Debian ≥ 11 | ✓ | ✓ |
| RHEL ≥ 9 | ✓ | ✓ |
| other Linuxes with glibc ≥ 2.31 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Alpine ≥ 3.19 | ✓ | ✓ |
| other Linux with musl ≥ 1.2 | ✓ | ✓ |
If you have a up-to-date pip and it doesn't use a wheel, you might have an environment
for which no wheel is built. Please open an issue.
## Developing and releasing PyMiniRacer
See [the contribution guide](CONTRIBUTING.md).
## Credits
Built with love by [Sqreen](https://www.sqreen.com).
PyMiniRacer launch was described in
[`this blog post`](https://web.archive.org/web/20230526172627/https://blog.sqreen.com/embedding-javascript-into-python/).
PyMiniRacer is inspired by [mini_racer](https://github.com/SamSaffron/mini_racer), built
for the Ruby world by Sam Saffron.
In 2024, PyMiniRacer was revived, and adopted by [Ben Creech](https://bpcreech.com).
Upon discussion with the original Sqreen authors, we decided to re-launch PyMiniRacer as
a fork under <https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer> and
<https://pypi.org/project/mini-racer/>.
## Release history
## 0.12.4 (2024-06-16)
- Upgrade to V8 12.6 from 12.4.
## 0.12.3 (2024-05-25)
- Fix potential hang if JavaScript calls a function produced by `wrap_py_function` while
we're tearing it down.
## 0.12.2 (2024-05-20)
- Add optional context manager and `.close()` semantics to Python `MiniRacer` class.
- Fixed a potential hang on MiniRacer teardown if MiniRacer is executing a microtask
which loops infinitely.
- Switch C++ side of MiniRacer to a more straightforward object lifecycle management
model.
## 0.12.1 (2024-05-18)
- Update to V8 12.4. This includes fixes for CVE-2024-3159, CVE-2024-3156, and
CVE-2024-2625. These vulnerabilities in V8 would impact PyMiniRacer users who are
running untrusted and adversarial JavaScript code.
## 0.12.0 (2024-04-29)
- Added support for installing callbacks from JS back into Python, using
MiniRacer.wrap_py_function.
- Refactored the Python implementation into many internal files. This should mostly not
present a breaking change, except for code which reaches into internal
(`_`-prefixed) variables.
## 0.11.1 (2024-04-08)
- Fixed Python crash on long-running microtasks, introduced in v0.8.1 (before which
long-running microtasks would probably not run at all).
- Fixed memory leak on the exception object reported when an `eval` times out.
- Hardened the memory management of JS value interchange, context tracking, and
asynchronous task tracking between C++ and Python.
- Added exhaustive typing (now with a MyPy pre-commit to verify!)
- Added a test asserting that [the v8 sandbox](https://v8.dev/blog/sandbox) is enabled
on all platforms we build wheels for.
## 0.11.0 (2024-04-03)
- Added a `MutableMapping` (`dict`-like) interface for all derivatives of JS Objects,
and a `MutableSequence` (`list`-like) interface for JS Arrays. You can now use
Pythonic idioms to read and write Object properties and Array elements in Python,
including recursively (i.e., you can read Objects embedded in other objects, and
embed your own).
- Added ability to directly call `JSFunction` objects from Python. E.g.,
`mr.eval("a => a*a")(4)` parses the given number-squaring code into a function,
returns a handle to that function to Python, calls it with the number `4`, and
recieves the result of `16`.
- Added a `JSUndefined` Python object to model JavaScript `undefined`. This is needed to
properly implement the above interface for reading Object and Array elements.
*Unfortunately, this may present a breaking change for users who assume JavaScript
`undefined` is modeled as Python `None`.*
- Removed an old optimization for `eval` on simple no-argument function calls (i.e.,
`myfunc()`). The optimization only delivered about a 17% speedup on no-op calls (and
helped relatively *less* on calls which actually did work), and for the purpose of
optimizing repeated calls to the same function, it's now redundant with extracting
and calling the function from Python, e.g., `mr.eval("myfunc")()`.
- Hardening (meaning "fixing potential but not-yet-seen bugs") related to freeing
`BinaryValue` instances (which convey data from C++ to Python).
- More hardening related to race conditions on teardown of the `MiniRacer` object in the
unlikely condition that `eval` operations are still executing on the C++ side, and
abandoned on the Python side, when Python attempts to garbage collect the
`MiniRacer` object.
## 0.10.0 (2024-03-31)
- Updated to V8 12.3 from V8 12.2 now that Chromium stable is on 12.3.
- Added Python-side support for JS Promises. You can now return a JS Promise from code
executed by `MiniRacer.eval`, and PyMiniRacer will convert it to a Python object
which has a blocking `promise.get()` method, and also supports `await promise` in
`async` Python functions.
- Added a `setTimeout` and `clearTimeout`. These common functions live in the Web API
standard, not the ECMAScript standard, and thus don't come with V8, but they're so
ubiquitious we now ship an implemention with `PyMiniRacer`.
## 0.9.0 (2024-03-30)
- Revamped JS execution model to be out-of-thread. Python/C++ interaction now happens
via callbacks.
- Consequently, Control+C (`KeyboardInterrupt`) now interrupts JS execution.
- Hardened C++-side thread safety model, resolving potential race conditions introduced
in v0.8.1 (but not actually reported as happening anywhere).
- Further improved JS exception reporting; exception reports now show the offending code
where possible.
- Introduced `timeout_sec` parameter to `eval`, `call`, and `execute` to replace the
`timeout`, which unfortunately uses milliseconds (unlike the Python standard
library). In the future we may emit deprecation warnings for use of `timeout`.
## 0.8.1 (2024-03-23)
- A series of C++ changes which should not impact the behavior of PyMiniRacer:
- Refactoring how we use V8 by inverting the control flow. Before we had function
evaluations which ran and drained the message loop. Now we have an always-running
message loop into which we inject function evaluations. This seems to be the
preferred way to use V8. This is not expected to cause any behavior changes (but, in
tests, makes
[microtask competion](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API/Microtask_guide)
more consistent).
- Refactoring the C++ implementation into multiple components to make startup and
teardown logic more robust.
- Added tests for the existing fast-function-call path.
- Also, simplified Python conversion of C++ evaluation results.
## 0.8.0 (2024-03-18)
- General overhaul of C++ implementation to better adhere to modern best practice. This
should have no visible impact except for the following notes...
- Exposed the hard memory limit as a context-specific (as opposed to `eval`-specific)
limit, since that's how it worked all along anyway. The `max_memory` `eval` argument
still works for backwards compatibility purposes.
- Correct message type of some exceptions to `str` instead of `bytes` (they should all
be `str` now).
- Added better messages for JS parse errors.
- Added backtraces for more JS errors.
- Added some really basic Python typing.
## 0.7.0 (2024-03-06)
- Update V8 to 12.2
- Drop Python 2 support
- Fix small Python 3.12 issue and add testing for Python 3.9-3.12
- Add aarch64 support for Mac and Linux
- Revamp DLL loading to be compliant with Python 3.9-style resource loading. This may
present a small breaking change for advanced usage; the `EXTENSION_PATH` and
`EXTENSION_NAME` module variables, and `MiniRacer.v8_flags` and `MiniRacer.ext`
class variable have all been removed.
- Add support for the [ECMAScript internalization API](https://v8.dev/docs/i18n) and
thus [the ECMA `Intl` API](https://tc39.es/ecma402/)
- Use [fast startup snapshots](https://v8.dev/blog/custom-startup-snapshots)
- Switch from setuptools to Hatch
- Switch from tox to Hatch
- Switch from flake8 and isort to Hatch's wrapper of Ruff
- Switch from Sphinx to mkdocs (and hatch-mkdocs)
- Switch from unittest to pytest
- Add ARCHITECTURE.md and lots of code comments
## 0.6.0 (2020-04-20)
- Update V8 to 8.9
- Optimize function calls without arguments
- Switch V8 to single threaded mode to avoid crashes after fork
- Switch to strict mode by default
- Revamp documentation
## 0.5.0 (2020-02-25)
- Update V8 to 8.8
## 0.4.0 (2020-09-22)
- Universal wheels for Linux, Mac and Windows
- Fallback to source package for Alpine Linux
## 0.3.0 (2020-06-29)
- Introduce a strict mode
- Fix array conversion when size changes dynamically (CVE-2020-25489)
## 0.2.0 (2020-03-11)
- Support for Alpine Linux
- Avoid pip private modules in setup.py
## 0.2.0b1 (2020-01-09)
- Support for Windows 64 bits
- Support for Python 3.8
- Upgrade V8 to 7.8
- Support soft memory limits
## 0.1.18 (2019-01-04)
- Support memory and time limits
## 0.1.17 (2018-19-12)
- Upgrade libv8
- Fix a memory leak
## 0.1.16 (2018-07-11)
- Add wheel for Python without PyMalloc
## 0.1.15 (2018-06-18)
- Add wheel for Python 3.7
## 0.1.14 (2018-05-25)
- Add support for pip 10
- Update package metadata
## 0.1.13 (2018-03-15)
- Add heap_stats function
- Fix issue with returned strings containing null bytes
## 0.1.12 (2018-17-04)
- Remove dependency to enum
## 0.1.11 (2017-07-11)
- Add compatibility for centos6
## 0.1.10 (2017-03-31)
- Add the possibility to pass a custom JSON encoder in call.
## 0.1.9 (2017-03-24)
- Fix the compilation for Ubuntu 12.04 and glibc \< 2.17.
## 0.1.8 (2017-03-02)
- Update targets build for better compatibility with old Mac OS X and linux platforms.
## 0.1.7 (2016-10-04)
- Improve general performances of the JS execution.
- Add the possibility to build a different version of V8 (for example with debug
symbols).
- Fix a conflict that could happens between statically linked libraries and dynamic
ones.
## 0.1.6 (2016-08-12)
- Add error message when py_mini_racer sdist fails to build asking to update pip in
order to download the pre-compiled wheel instead of the source distribution.
## 0.1.5 (2016-08-04)
- Build py_mini_racer against a static Python. When built against a shared library
python, it doesn't work with a static Python.
## 0.1.4 (2016-08-04)
- Ensure JSEvalException message is converted to unicode
## 0.1.3 (2016-08-04)
- Fix extension loading for python3
- Add a make target for building distributions (sdist + wheels)
- Fix eval conversion for python 3
## 0.1.2 (2016-08-03)
- Fix date support
- Fix Dockerfile for generating python3 wheels
## 0.1.1 (2016-08-02)
- Fix sdist distribution.
## 0.1.0 (2016-08-01)
- First release on PyPI.
Raw data
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"maintainer": null,
"docs_url": null,
"requires_python": ">=3.8",
"maintainer_email": null,
"keywords": "py_mini_racer",
"author": null,
"author_email": "bpcreech <mini-racer@bpcreech.com>, Sqreen <support@sqreen.com>",
"download_url": "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8c/2d/e051f58e17117b1b8b11a7d17622c1528fa9002c553943c6b677c1b412da/mini_racer-0.12.4.tar.gz",
"platform": null,
"description": "[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mini_racer)\n[](https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer/actions/workflows/build.yml)\n[](https://opensource.org/licenses/ISC)\n\nMinimal, modern embedded V8 for Python.\n\n\n\n[Full documentation](https://bpcreech.com/PyMiniRacer/).\n\n## Features\n\n- Latest ECMAScript support\n- Web Assembly support\n- Unicode support\n- Thread safe\n- Re-usable contexts\n\nMiniRacer can be easily used by Django or Flask projects to minify assets, run babel or\nWASM modules.\n\n## New home! (As of March 2024)\n\nPyMiniRacer was created by [Sqreen](https://github.com/sqreen), and originally lived at\n<https://github.com/sqreen/PyMiniRacer> with the PyPI package\n[`py-mini-racer`](https://pypi.org/project/py-mini-racer/).\n\nAs of March 2024, after a few years without updates, [I](https://bpcreech.com) have\nreached out to the original Sqreen team. We agreed that I should fork PyMiniRacer,\ngiving it a new home at <https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer> with a new PyPI\npackage [`mini-racer`](https://pypi.org/project/mini-racer/) (*note: no `py-`*). It now\nhas [a new version](https://bpcreech.com/PyMiniRacer/history/#070-2024-03-06) for the\nfirst time since 2021!\n\n## Examples\n\nMiniRacer is straightforward to use:\n\n```sh\n $ pip install mini-racer\n```\n\nand then:\n\n```python\n $ python3\n >>> from py_mini_racer import MiniRacer\n >>> ctx = MiniRacer()\n >>> ctx.eval(\"1+1\")\n 2\n >>> ctx.eval(\"var x = {company: 'Sqreen'}; x.company\")\n 'Sqreen'\n >>> print(ctx.eval(\"'\u2764'\"))\n \u2764\n >>> ctx.eval(\"var fun = () => ({ foo: 1 });\")\n```\n\nVariables are kept inside of a context:\n\n```python\n >>> ctx.eval(\"x.company\")\n 'Sqreen'\n```\n\nYou can evaluate whole scripts within JavaScript, or define and return JavaScript\nfunction objects and call them from Python (*new in v0.11.0*):\n\n```python\n >>> square = ctx.eval(\"a => a*a\")\n >>> square(4)\n 16\n```\n\nJavaScript Objects and Arrays are modeled in Python as dictionaries and lists (or, more\nprecisely,\n[`MutableMapping`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.MutableMapping)\nand\n[`MutableSequence`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.MutableSequence)\ninstances), respectively (*new in v0.11.0*):\n\n```python\n >>> obj = ctx.eval(\"var obj = {'foo': 'bar'}; obj\")\n >>> obj[\"foo\"]\n 'bar'\n >>> list(obj.keys())\n ['foo']\n >>> arr = ctx.eval(\"var arr = ['a', 'b']; arr\")\n >>> arr[1]\n 'b'\n >>> 'a' in arr\n True\n >>> arr.append(obj)\n >>> ctx.eval(\"JSON.stringify(arr)\")\n '[\"a\",\"b\",{\"foo\":\"bar\"}]'\n```\n\nMeanwhile, `call` uses JSON to transfer data between JavaScript and Python, and converts\ndata in bulk:\n\n```python\n >>> ctx.call(\"fun\")\n {'foo': 1}\n```\n\nComposite values are serialized using JSON. Use a custom JSON encoder when sending\nnon-JSON encodable parameters:\n\n```python\n import json\n\n from datetime import datetime\n\n class CustomEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):\n\n def default(self, obj):\n if isinstance(obj, datetime):\n return obj.isoformat()\n\n return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)\n```\n\n```python\n >>> ctx.eval(\"var f = function(args) { return args; }\")\n >>> ctx.call(\"f\", datetime.now(), encoder=CustomEncoder)\n '2017-03-31T16:51:02.474118'\n```\n\nMiniRacer is ES6 capable:\n\n```python\n >>> ctx.execute(\"[1,2,3].includes(5)\")\n False\n```\n\nMiniRacer supports asynchronous execution using JS `Promise` instances (*new in\nv0.10.0*):\n\n```python\n >>> promise = ctx.eval(\n ... \"new Promise((res, rej) => setTimeout(() => res(42), 10000))\")\n >>> promise.get() # blocks for 10 seconds, and then:\n 42\n```\n\nYou can use JS `Promise` instances with Python `async` (*new in v0.10.0*):\n\n```python\n >>> import asyncio\n >>> async def demo():\n ... promise = ctx.eval(\n ... \"new Promise((res, rej) => setTimeout(() => res(42), 10000))\")\n ... return await promise\n ... \n >>> asyncio.run(demo()) # blocks for 10 seconds, and then:\n 42\n```\n\nJavaScript `null` and `undefined` are modeled in Python as `None` and `JSUndefined`,\nrespectively:\n\n```python\n >>> list(ctx.eval(\"[undefined, null]\"))\n [JSUndefined, None]\n```\n\nYou can install callbacks from JavaScript to Python (*new in v0.12.0*):\n\n```python\n >>> async def read_file(fn):\n ... with open(fn) as f: # (or aiofiles would be even better here)\n ... return f.read()\n ...\n >>> async def get_dictionary():\n ... async with ctx.wrap_py_function(read_file) as jsfunc:\n ... # \"Install\" our JS function on the global \"this\" object:\n ... ctx.eval('this')['read_file'] = jsfunc\n ... d = await ctx.eval('this.read_file(\"/usr/share/dict/words\")')\n ... return d.split()\n ...\n >>> dictionary = asyncio.run(get_dictionary())\n >>> print(dictionary[0:10])\n ['A', 'AA', 'AAA', \"AA's\", 'AB', 'ABC', \"ABC's\", 'ABCs', 'ABM', \"ABM's\"]\n```\n\n*Note that adding Python callbacks may degrade the security properties of PyMiniRacer!\nSee [PyMiniRacer's security goals](ARCHITECTURE.md#security-goals).*\n\nMiniRacer supports [the ECMA `Intl` API](https://tc39.es/ecma402/):\n\n```python\n # Indonesian dates!\n >>> ctx.eval('Intl.DateTimeFormat([\"ban\", \"id\"]).format(new Date())')\n '16/3/2024'\n```\n\nV8 heap information can be retrieved:\n\n```python\n >>> ctx.heap_stats()\n {'total_physical_size': 1613896,\n 'used_heap_size': 1512520,\n 'total_heap_size': 3997696,\n 'total_heap_size_executable': 3145728,\n 'heap_size_limit': 1501560832}\n```\n\nA WASM example is available in the\n[`tests`](https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer/blob/master/tests/test_wasm.py).\n\n## Compatibility\n\nPyMiniRacer is compatible with Python 3.8-3.12 and is based on `ctypes`.\n\nPyMiniRacer is distributed using [wheels](https://pythonwheels.com/) on\n[PyPI](https://pypi.org/). The wheels are intended to provide compatibility with:\n\n| OS | x86_64 | aarch64 |\n| ------------------------------- | ------ | ------- |\n| macOS \u2265 10.9 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| Windows \u2265 10 | \u2713 | \u2716 |\n| Ubuntu \u2265 20.04 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| Debian \u2265 11 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| RHEL \u2265 9 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| other Linuxes with glibc \u2265 2.31 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| Alpine \u2265 3.19 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| other Linux with musl \u2265 1.2 | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n\nIf you have a up-to-date pip and it doesn't use a wheel, you might have an environment\nfor which no wheel is built. Please open an issue.\n\n## Developing and releasing PyMiniRacer\n\nSee [the contribution guide](CONTRIBUTING.md).\n\n## Credits\n\nBuilt with love by [Sqreen](https://www.sqreen.com).\n\nPyMiniRacer launch was described in\n[`this blog post`](https://web.archive.org/web/20230526172627/https://blog.sqreen.com/embedding-javascript-into-python/).\n\nPyMiniRacer is inspired by [mini_racer](https://github.com/SamSaffron/mini_racer), built\nfor the Ruby world by Sam Saffron.\n\nIn 2024, PyMiniRacer was revived, and adopted by [Ben Creech](https://bpcreech.com).\nUpon discussion with the original Sqreen authors, we decided to re-launch PyMiniRacer as\na fork under <https://github.com/bpcreech/PyMiniRacer> and\n<https://pypi.org/project/mini-racer/>.\n## Release history\n\n\n## 0.12.4 (2024-06-16)\n\n- Upgrade to V8 12.6 from 12.4.\n\n## 0.12.3 (2024-05-25)\n\n- Fix potential hang if JavaScript calls a function produced by `wrap_py_function` while\n we're tearing it down.\n\n## 0.12.2 (2024-05-20)\n\n- Add optional context manager and `.close()` semantics to Python `MiniRacer` class.\n\n- Fixed a potential hang on MiniRacer teardown if MiniRacer is executing a microtask\n which loops infinitely.\n\n- Switch C++ side of MiniRacer to a more straightforward object lifecycle management\n model.\n\n## 0.12.1 (2024-05-18)\n\n- Update to V8 12.4. This includes fixes for CVE-2024-3159, CVE-2024-3156, and\n CVE-2024-2625. These vulnerabilities in V8 would impact PyMiniRacer users who are\n running untrusted and adversarial JavaScript code.\n\n## 0.12.0 (2024-04-29)\n\n- Added support for installing callbacks from JS back into Python, using\n MiniRacer.wrap_py_function.\n\n- Refactored the Python implementation into many internal files. This should mostly not\n present a breaking change, except for code which reaches into internal\n (`_`-prefixed) variables.\n\n## 0.11.1 (2024-04-08)\n\n- Fixed Python crash on long-running microtasks, introduced in v0.8.1 (before which\n long-running microtasks would probably not run at all).\n\n- Fixed memory leak on the exception object reported when an `eval` times out.\n\n- Hardened the memory management of JS value interchange, context tracking, and\n asynchronous task tracking between C++ and Python.\n\n- Added exhaustive typing (now with a MyPy pre-commit to verify!)\n\n- Added a test asserting that [the v8 sandbox](https://v8.dev/blog/sandbox) is enabled\n on all platforms we build wheels for.\n\n## 0.11.0 (2024-04-03)\n\n- Added a `MutableMapping` (`dict`-like) interface for all derivatives of JS Objects,\n and a `MutableSequence` (`list`-like) interface for JS Arrays. You can now use\n Pythonic idioms to read and write Object properties and Array elements in Python,\n including recursively (i.e., you can read Objects embedded in other objects, and\n embed your own).\n\n- Added ability to directly call `JSFunction` objects from Python. E.g.,\n `mr.eval(\"a => a*a\")(4)` parses the given number-squaring code into a function,\n returns a handle to that function to Python, calls it with the number `4`, and\n recieves the result of `16`.\n\n- Added a `JSUndefined` Python object to model JavaScript `undefined`. This is needed to\n properly implement the above interface for reading Object and Array elements.\n *Unfortunately, this may present a breaking change for users who assume JavaScript\n `undefined` is modeled as Python `None`.*\n\n- Removed an old optimization for `eval` on simple no-argument function calls (i.e.,\n `myfunc()`). The optimization only delivered about a 17% speedup on no-op calls (and\n helped relatively *less* on calls which actually did work), and for the purpose of\n optimizing repeated calls to the same function, it's now redundant with extracting\n and calling the function from Python, e.g., `mr.eval(\"myfunc\")()`.\n\n- Hardening (meaning \"fixing potential but not-yet-seen bugs\") related to freeing\n `BinaryValue` instances (which convey data from C++ to Python).\n\n- More hardening related to race conditions on teardown of the `MiniRacer` object in the\n unlikely condition that `eval` operations are still executing on the C++ side, and\n abandoned on the Python side, when Python attempts to garbage collect the\n `MiniRacer` object.\n\n## 0.10.0 (2024-03-31)\n\n- Updated to V8 12.3 from V8 12.2 now that Chromium stable is on 12.3.\n\n- Added Python-side support for JS Promises. You can now return a JS Promise from code\n executed by `MiniRacer.eval`, and PyMiniRacer will convert it to a Python object\n which has a blocking `promise.get()` method, and also supports `await promise` in\n `async` Python functions.\n\n- Added a `setTimeout` and `clearTimeout`. These common functions live in the Web API\n standard, not the ECMAScript standard, and thus don't come with V8, but they're so\n ubiquitious we now ship an implemention with `PyMiniRacer`.\n\n## 0.9.0 (2024-03-30)\n\n- Revamped JS execution model to be out-of-thread. Python/C++ interaction now happens\n via callbacks.\n\n- Consequently, Control+C (`KeyboardInterrupt`) now interrupts JS execution.\n\n- Hardened C++-side thread safety model, resolving potential race conditions introduced\n in v0.8.1 (but not actually reported as happening anywhere).\n\n- Further improved JS exception reporting; exception reports now show the offending code\n where possible.\n\n- Introduced `timeout_sec` parameter to `eval`, `call`, and `execute` to replace the\n `timeout`, which unfortunately uses milliseconds (unlike the Python standard\n library). In the future we may emit deprecation warnings for use of `timeout`.\n\n## 0.8.1 (2024-03-23)\n\n- A series of C++ changes which should not impact the behavior of PyMiniRacer:\n- Refactoring how we use V8 by inverting the control flow. Before we had function\n evaluations which ran and drained the message loop. Now we have an always-running\n message loop into which we inject function evaluations. This seems to be the\n preferred way to use V8. This is not expected to cause any behavior changes (but, in\n tests, makes\n [microtask competion](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API/Microtask_guide)\n more consistent).\n- Refactoring the C++ implementation into multiple components to make startup and\n teardown logic more robust.\n- Added tests for the existing fast-function-call path.\n- Also, simplified Python conversion of C++ evaluation results.\n\n## 0.8.0 (2024-03-18)\n\n- General overhaul of C++ implementation to better adhere to modern best practice. This\n should have no visible impact except for the following notes...\n- Exposed the hard memory limit as a context-specific (as opposed to `eval`-specific)\n limit, since that's how it worked all along anyway. The `max_memory` `eval` argument\n still works for backwards compatibility purposes.\n- Correct message type of some exceptions to `str` instead of `bytes` (they should all\n be `str` now).\n- Added better messages for JS parse errors.\n- Added backtraces for more JS errors.\n- Added some really basic Python typing.\n\n## 0.7.0 (2024-03-06)\n\n- Update V8 to 12.2\n- Drop Python 2 support\n- Fix small Python 3.12 issue and add testing for Python 3.9-3.12\n- Add aarch64 support for Mac and Linux\n- Revamp DLL loading to be compliant with Python 3.9-style resource loading. This may\n present a small breaking change for advanced usage; the `EXTENSION_PATH` and\n `EXTENSION_NAME` module variables, and `MiniRacer.v8_flags` and `MiniRacer.ext`\n class variable have all been removed.\n- Add support for the [ECMAScript internalization API](https://v8.dev/docs/i18n) and\n thus [the ECMA `Intl` API](https://tc39.es/ecma402/)\n- Use [fast startup snapshots](https://v8.dev/blog/custom-startup-snapshots)\n- Switch from setuptools to Hatch\n- Switch from tox to Hatch\n- Switch from flake8 and isort to Hatch's wrapper of Ruff\n- Switch from Sphinx to mkdocs (and hatch-mkdocs)\n- Switch from unittest to pytest\n- Add ARCHITECTURE.md and lots of code comments\n\n## 0.6.0 (2020-04-20)\n\n- Update V8 to 8.9\n- Optimize function calls without arguments\n- Switch V8 to single threaded mode to avoid crashes after fork\n- Switch to strict mode by default\n- Revamp documentation\n\n## 0.5.0 (2020-02-25)\n\n- Update V8 to 8.8\n\n## 0.4.0 (2020-09-22)\n\n- Universal wheels for Linux, Mac and Windows\n- Fallback to source package for Alpine Linux\n\n## 0.3.0 (2020-06-29)\n\n- Introduce a strict mode\n- Fix array conversion when size changes dynamically (CVE-2020-25489)\n\n## 0.2.0 (2020-03-11)\n\n- Support for Alpine Linux\n- Avoid pip private modules in setup.py\n\n## 0.2.0b1 (2020-01-09)\n\n- Support for Windows 64 bits\n- Support for Python 3.8\n- Upgrade V8 to 7.8\n- Support soft memory limits\n\n## 0.1.18 (2019-01-04)\n\n- Support memory and time limits\n\n## 0.1.17 (2018-19-12)\n\n- Upgrade libv8\n- Fix a memory leak\n\n## 0.1.16 (2018-07-11)\n\n- Add wheel for Python without PyMalloc\n\n## 0.1.15 (2018-06-18)\n\n- Add wheel for Python 3.7\n\n## 0.1.14 (2018-05-25)\n\n- Add support for pip 10\n- Update package metadata\n\n## 0.1.13 (2018-03-15)\n\n- Add heap_stats function\n- Fix issue with returned strings containing null bytes\n\n## 0.1.12 (2018-17-04)\n\n- Remove dependency to enum\n\n## 0.1.11 (2017-07-11)\n\n- Add compatibility for centos6\n\n## 0.1.10 (2017-03-31)\n\n- Add the possibility to pass a custom JSON encoder in call.\n\n## 0.1.9 (2017-03-24)\n\n- Fix the compilation for Ubuntu 12.04 and glibc \\< 2.17.\n\n## 0.1.8 (2017-03-02)\n\n- Update targets build for better compatibility with old Mac OS X and linux platforms.\n\n## 0.1.7 (2016-10-04)\n\n- Improve general performances of the JS execution.\n- Add the possibility to build a different version of V8 (for example with debug\n symbols).\n- Fix a conflict that could happens between statically linked libraries and dynamic\n ones.\n\n## 0.1.6 (2016-08-12)\n\n- Add error message when py_mini_racer sdist fails to build asking to update pip in\n order to download the pre-compiled wheel instead of the source distribution.\n\n## 0.1.5 (2016-08-04)\n\n- Build py_mini_racer against a static Python. When built against a shared library\n python, it doesn't work with a static Python.\n\n## 0.1.4 (2016-08-04)\n\n- Ensure JSEvalException message is converted to unicode\n\n## 0.1.3 (2016-08-04)\n\n- Fix extension loading for python3\n- Add a make target for building distributions (sdist + wheels)\n- Fix eval conversion for python 3\n\n## 0.1.2 (2016-08-03)\n\n- Fix date support\n- Fix Dockerfile for generating python3 wheels\n\n## 0.1.1 (2016-08-02)\n\n- Fix sdist distribution.\n\n## 0.1.0 (2016-08-01)\n\n- First release on PyPI.\n",
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