mvmt


Namemvmt JSON
Version 0.0.9 PyPI version JSON
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SummaryA package for checking the validity of many-valued modal formulas
upload_time2023-10-06 10:20:00
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keywords logic modal logic tableau
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            # Many-Valued Modal Tableau (mvmt)
## Description
This repo contains the implementation of a desicion procedure for checking the validity of many-valued modal logic formulas. It is based on expansions of  Fitting's work in [[1]](#1) and [[2]](#2). The proof of the correctness and termination of the procedure forms part of my master's dissertation which is in progress and will be linked after it has been submitted.

## Installation
```bash
pip install mvmt
```

## Getting Started
If you just want to use the package,
`pip install mvmt` and use the modules provided. See the colab notebook for example usages.
<a target="_blank" href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/WeAreDevo/Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau/blob/main/mvmt_demo.ipynb">
  <img src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg" alt="Open Demo In Colab"/>
</a>

If you would like to edit and run the source code directly, see the [For Developers](#for-developers) section.


## Function Documentation

This section describes the useful functions provided by the package.
### `utils.construct_heyting_algebra`

#### Description

A useful wrapper function for creating a `algebra.HeytingAlgebra` object from a user supplied `json` specification of a Heyting algebra. See below for the convention used to specify algebras in a `json` form.

#### Parameters

- `file_path` (`str`, optional): File path to `json` file containing a specification of a Heyting algebra.
- `python_dict` (`dict`, optional): Python `dict` giving the `json` specification of a Heyting algebra. Default is `None`.

At least one of the arguments must be given. The specification should have the following format:
```
{
    "elements": ["<t1>","<t2>",...,"<tn>"],
    "order": {"<t1>": ["<t1_1>",...,"<t1_k1>"], "<t2>": ["<t2_1>",...,"<t2_k2>"],...,"<tn>": ["<tn_1>",...,"<tn_kn">]},
    "meet": {
            "<t1>": {"<t1>": "<m1_1>", "<t2>": "<m1_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<m1_n>"},
            "<t2>": {"<t1>": "<m2_1>", "<t2>": "<m2_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<m2_n>"},
            .
            .
            .
            "<tn>": {"<t1>": "<mn_1>", "<t2>": "<mn_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<mn_n>"},
        },
    "join": {
            "<t1>": {"<t1>": "<j1_1>", "<t2>": "<j1_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<j1_n>"},
            "<t2>": {"<t1>": "<j2_1>", "<t2>": "<j2_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<j2_n>"},
            .
            .
            .
            "<tn>": {"<t1>": "<jn_1>", "<t2>": "<jn_2>", ..., "<tn>": "<jn_n>"},
        }
}
```

Where each angle bracket string in the above should be replaced with a string denoting a truth value. Such a string must match the regex `[a-o0-9]\d*`. That is, it should be a string of decimal digits, or a letter between a and o (inclusive) followed by a string of decimal digits.

If we assume the json is intended to represent a heyting algebra $\mathcal{H}=(H,\land,\lor,0,1, \leq)$, and $I$ is the mapping from the strings denoting truth values to the actual truth values in $H$, then the json should be interpreted as follows:
- $a \in H$ iff $a=I$("&lt;ti&gt;") for some `"<ti>"` in `elements`.
- `"<ti>"` is in `order["<tk>"]` iff $I$("&lt;tk&gt;")  $\leq I$("&lt;ti&gt;")
- `meet["<ti>"]["<tk>"]=="<mi_k>"` iff $I$("&lt;mi_k&gt;") $= I$("&lt;ti&gt;") $\land I$("&lt;tk&gt;")
- `join["<ti>"]["<tk>"]=="<ji_k>"` iff $I$("&lt;ji_k&gt;") $= I$("&lt;ti&gt;") $\lor I$("&lt;tk&gt;")

For example, a specification of the three-valued Heyting algebra $(\{0,\frac{1}{2},1\}, \land, \lor, 0,1,\leq)$ with $I(\texttt{"0"})=0, I(\texttt{"a"})=\frac{1}{2}, I(\texttt{"1"})=1$ is given by:
```json
{
    "elements": ["0","a","1"],
    "order": {
        "0": ["0","a","1"],
        "a": ["a","1"],
        "1": ["1"]
    },
    "meet": {
        "0": {"0": "0","a": "0","1": "0"},
        "a": {"0": "0","a": "a","1": "a"},
        "1": {"0": "0","a": "a","1": "1"}
    },
    "join": {
        "0": {"0": "0","a": "a","1": "1"},
        "a": {"0": "a","a": "a","1": "1"},
        "1": {"0": "1","a": "1","1": "1"}
    }
}
```


#### Note:
Only **one** of the `order`, `meet` or `join` fields needs to be specified and the other two can be left out of the `json`. If at least one of these is specified, the others can be uniquely determined. See the example code.

#### Returns

(`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`) A `algebra.HeytingAlgebra` object storing the algebra represented by the inputed specification.

#### Example
```python
from mvmt import algebra, utils

# Specification of a four-valued Heyting algebra
spec = {
    "elements": ["0","a","b","1"],
    "order": {
      "0": ["0","a","b","1"], 
      "a": ["a","1"], 
      "b": ["b","1"], 
      "1": ["1"]}
}

# Example usage
H: algebra.HeytingAlgebra = utils.construct_heyting_algebra(python_dict=spec)
print(H.meet(algebra.TruthValue("a"),algebra.TruthValue("b")))
```
```plaintext
# Output
0
```

### `syntax.parse_expression`

#### Description

Produces the syntax parse tree of a modal formula.

#### Parameters

- `expression` (`str`, required): A modal formula.

`expression` must belong to the language generated by the grammar
```
expression ::= expression & expression
           | expression | expression
           | expression -> expression
           | [] expression
           | <> expression
           | (expression)
           | VAR
           | VALUE
```
`VAR` is a terminal symbol matching the regex `[p-z]\d*`, denoting a propositional variable.

`VALUE` is a terminal symbol matching the regex `[a-o0-9]\d*`. It denotes a truth value from the algebra, and as such it must be the same as one of the strings given in `elements` of the algebra specification.

#### Returns

(`syntax.AST_Node`) The root node of the parse tree.

#### Example
```python
from mvmt import syntax

# Example usage
parse_tree = syntax.parse_expression("((<>(p -> 0) -> 0) -> []p)")
print(parse_tree.proper_subformulas[1].val)
```
```plaintext
# Output
[]
```


### `tableau.isValid`

#### Description

Given a modal formuala $\varphi$ and Heyting algebra $\mathcal{H}$, checks if $\varphi$ is valid in the class of all $\mathcal{H}$-frames[^1].

Under the hood, it calls `tableau.construct_tableau` to construct a prefixed tableau for $\varphi$ and then returns `True` iff the constructed tableau is closed. `tableau.construct_tableau` is essentially the crux of this package.

#### Parameters

- `phi` (`str`, required): The modal formula $\varphi$, with syntax as described in the [`parameters`](#parameters-1) section of `syntax.parse_expression`.
- `H` (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`, required) The Heyting algebra $\mathcal{H}$.

#### Returns

- (`boolean`) `True` if $\varphi$ is valid in the class of all $\mathcal{H}$-frames and `False` otherwise.
- (`tableau.Tableau`) The tableau constructed and used to determine validity.

#### Example
```python
from tableau import isValid

# Example usage
valid, tab = tableau.isValid("[]p -> p", H)
print(valid)
```
```plaintext
# Output
False
```


### `tableau.construct_counter_model`

#### Description

Given a modal formuala $\varphi$ and Heyting algebra $\mathcal{H}$, if possible produce an $\mathcal{H}-model$ in which $\varphi$ is is not globally true.
The model is read off of an open tableau for $\varphi$.

#### Parameters

- `phi` (`str`, required): The modal formula $\varphi$, with syntax as described in the [`parameters`](#parameters-1) section of `syntax.parse_expression`.
- `H` (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`, required) The Heyting algebra $\mathcal{H}$.
- `tableau` (`tableau.Tableau`, optional) A tableau for $\varphi$. This is just used to prevent duplicate computations if the required tableau was already produced by `isValid`.

#### Returns

- (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`) $\mathcal{H}$
- (`tuple[set[str], dict[TruthValue, dict[TruthValue, TruthValue]], dict[str, dict[str, TruthValue]]]`) The constructed counter $\mathcal{H}$-model.

#### Example
```python
from tableau import construct_counter_model

# Example usage
M = tableau.construct_counter_model("[]p -> p", H, tab)
print(M[1][1])
```
```plaintext
# Output
{'A': {'A': '0'}}
```

### `tableau.visualize_model`

#### Description

Produces a `matplotlib` visualizing a model returned by `tableau.construct_counter_model` as a labeled weighted directed graph.

#### Parameters

- `M` (`tuple[set[str], dict[TruthValue, dict[TruthValue, TruthValue]], dict[str, dict[str, TruthValue]]]`): An $\mathcal{H}$-model.

#### Returns
None

[^1]: See [[3]](#3) for appropriate definitions.
## For Developers
To run the code from source, follow these steps.
- Clone this repo.
```bash
git clone https://github.com/WeAreDevo/Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau.git
cd Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau
```
- Create a virtual enironment containing the required dependencies and activate it using either `conda` 
```bash
conda env create -f environment.yml
conda activate mvmt
```
or using `virtualenv`
```bash
pip install virtualenv
virtualenv mvmt
source mvmt/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
```

- You can now edit the source code and run it locally. For example, run `main.py`:
```bash
python main.py "<expression>" --algebra filename.json --print_tableau --display_model
``` 
`<expression>` is the propositional modal formula you wish to check is valid.
`filename.json` should be the name of a file stored in `algebra_specs` that contains a json specification of a Heyting algebra.
The `--print_tableau` flag enables printing the constructed tableau to the terminal, and the `--display_model` flag enables displaying a counter model (if it exists) in a seperate window.

E.g.
```bash
python main.py "[]p->p" --algebra three_valued.json --print_tableau --display_model
```


### Note
`<expression>` should only contain well formed combinations of strings denoting:
  -  propositional variables, which must match the regex `[p-z]\d*` (i.e. begin with a letter between "p" and "z", followed by a string of zero or more decimal digits)
  - a truth value from the specified algebra (see configurations below)
  - a connective such as `"&"`, `"|"`, `"->"`, `"[]"`, `"<>"` (These corrrespond respectively to the syntactic objects $\land, \lor, \supset, \Box, \Diamond$ as presented in [[2]](#2))
  - Matching parentheses `"("`,`")"`.

If some matching parentheses are not present, the usual order of precedence for propositional formulas is assumed.

## References
<a id="1">[1]</a> 
Fitting, M. (1983). Prefixed Tableau Systems. In: Proof Methods for Modal and Intuitionistic Logics. Synthese Library, vol 169. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2794-5_9

<a id="2">[2]</a> 
Fitting, M. (1995). Tableaus for Many-Valued Modal Logic. Studia Logica: An International Journal for Symbolic Logic, 55(1), 63–87. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20015807

<a id="3">[3]</a> 
Fitting, M. (1992). Many-valued modal logics II. Fundamenta Informaticae, 17, 55-73. https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-1992-171-205


## TODO
- Check if specified finite algebra is in fact a bounded distributive lattice (and hence Heyting algebra)
- Allow choice of stricter clsses of frames
            

Raw data

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    "description": "# Many-Valued Modal Tableau (mvmt)\n## Description\nThis repo contains the implementation of a desicion procedure for checking the validity of many-valued modal logic formulas. It is based on expansions of  Fitting's work in [[1]](#1) and [[2]](#2). The proof of the correctness and termination of the procedure forms part of my master's dissertation which is in progress and will be linked after it has been submitted.\n\n## Installation\n```bash\npip install mvmt\n```\n\n## Getting Started\nIf you just want to use the package,\n`pip install mvmt` and use the modules provided. See the colab notebook for example usages.\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/WeAreDevo/Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau/blob/main/mvmt_demo.ipynb\">\n  <img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open Demo In Colab\"/>\n</a>\n\nIf you would like to edit and run the source code directly, see the [For Developers](#for-developers) section.\n\n\n## Function Documentation\n\nThis section describes the useful functions provided by the package.\n### `utils.construct_heyting_algebra`\n\n#### Description\n\nA useful wrapper function for creating a `algebra.HeytingAlgebra` object from a user supplied `json` specification of a Heyting algebra. See below for the convention used to specify algebras in a `json` form.\n\n#### Parameters\n\n- `file_path` (`str`, optional): File path to `json` file containing a specification of a Heyting algebra.\n- `python_dict` (`dict`, optional): Python `dict` giving the `json` specification of a Heyting algebra. Default is `None`.\n\nAt least one of the arguments must be given. The specification should have the following format:\n```\n{\n    \"elements\": [\"<t1>\",\"<t2>\",...,\"<tn>\"],\n    \"order\": {\"<t1>\": [\"<t1_1>\",...,\"<t1_k1>\"], \"<t2>\": [\"<t2_1>\",...,\"<t2_k2>\"],...,\"<tn>\": [\"<tn_1>\",...,\"<tn_kn\">]},\n    \"meet\": {\n            \"<t1>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<m1_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<m1_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<m1_n>\"},\n            \"<t2>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<m2_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<m2_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<m2_n>\"},\n            .\n            .\n            .\n            \"<tn>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<mn_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<mn_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<mn_n>\"},\n        },\n    \"join\": {\n            \"<t1>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<j1_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<j1_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<j1_n>\"},\n            \"<t2>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<j2_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<j2_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<j2_n>\"},\n            .\n            .\n            .\n            \"<tn>\": {\"<t1>\": \"<jn_1>\", \"<t2>\": \"<jn_2>\", ..., \"<tn>\": \"<jn_n>\"},\n        }\n}\n```\n\nWhere each angle bracket string in the above should be replaced with a string denoting a truth value. Such a string must match the regex `[a-o0-9]\\d*`. That is, it should be a string of decimal digits, or a letter between a and o (inclusive) followed by a string of decimal digits.\n\nIf we assume the json is intended to represent a heyting algebra $\\mathcal{H}=(H,\\land,\\lor,0,1, \\leq)$, and $I$ is the mapping from the strings denoting truth values to the actual truth values in $H$, then the json should be interpreted as follows:\n- $a \\in H$ iff $a=I$(\"&lt;ti&gt;\") for some `\"<ti>\"` in `elements`.\n- `\"<ti>\"` is in `order[\"<tk>\"]` iff $I$(\"&lt;tk&gt;\")  $\\leq I$(\"&lt;ti&gt;\")\n- `meet[\"<ti>\"][\"<tk>\"]==\"<mi_k>\"` iff $I$(\"&lt;mi_k&gt;\") $= I$(\"&lt;ti&gt;\") $\\land I$(\"&lt;tk&gt;\")\n- `join[\"<ti>\"][\"<tk>\"]==\"<ji_k>\"` iff $I$(\"&lt;ji_k&gt;\") $= I$(\"&lt;ti&gt;\") $\\lor I$(\"&lt;tk&gt;\")\n\nFor example, a specification of the three-valued Heyting algebra $(\\{0,\\frac{1}{2},1\\}, \\land, \\lor, 0,1,\\leq)$ with $I(\\texttt{\"0\"})=0, I(\\texttt{\"a\"})=\\frac{1}{2}, I(\\texttt{\"1\"})=1$ is given by:\n```json\n{\n    \"elements\": [\"0\",\"a\",\"1\"],\n    \"order\": {\n        \"0\": [\"0\",\"a\",\"1\"],\n        \"a\": [\"a\",\"1\"],\n        \"1\": [\"1\"]\n    },\n    \"meet\": {\n        \"0\": {\"0\": \"0\",\"a\": \"0\",\"1\": \"0\"},\n        \"a\": {\"0\": \"0\",\"a\": \"a\",\"1\": \"a\"},\n        \"1\": {\"0\": \"0\",\"a\": \"a\",\"1\": \"1\"}\n    },\n    \"join\": {\n        \"0\": {\"0\": \"0\",\"a\": \"a\",\"1\": \"1\"},\n        \"a\": {\"0\": \"a\",\"a\": \"a\",\"1\": \"1\"},\n        \"1\": {\"0\": \"1\",\"a\": \"1\",\"1\": \"1\"}\n    }\n}\n```\n\n\n#### Note:\nOnly **one** of the `order`, `meet` or `join` fields needs to be specified and the other two can be left out of the `json`. If at least one of these is specified, the others can be uniquely determined. See the example code.\n\n#### Returns\n\n(`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`) A `algebra.HeytingAlgebra` object storing the algebra represented by the inputed specification.\n\n#### Example\n```python\nfrom mvmt import algebra, utils\n\n# Specification of a four-valued Heyting algebra\nspec = {\n    \"elements\": [\"0\",\"a\",\"b\",\"1\"],\n    \"order\": {\n      \"0\": [\"0\",\"a\",\"b\",\"1\"], \n      \"a\": [\"a\",\"1\"], \n      \"b\": [\"b\",\"1\"], \n      \"1\": [\"1\"]}\n}\n\n# Example usage\nH: algebra.HeytingAlgebra = utils.construct_heyting_algebra(python_dict=spec)\nprint(H.meet(algebra.TruthValue(\"a\"),algebra.TruthValue(\"b\")))\n```\n```plaintext\n# Output\n0\n```\n\n### `syntax.parse_expression`\n\n#### Description\n\nProduces the syntax parse tree of a modal formula.\n\n#### Parameters\n\n- `expression` (`str`, required): A modal formula.\n\n`expression` must belong to the language generated by the grammar\n```\nexpression ::= expression & expression\n           | expression | expression\n           | expression -> expression\n           | [] expression\n           | <> expression\n           | (expression)\n           | VAR\n           | VALUE\n```\n`VAR` is a terminal symbol matching the regex `[p-z]\\d*`, denoting a propositional variable.\n\n`VALUE` is a terminal symbol matching the regex `[a-o0-9]\\d*`. It denotes a truth value from the algebra, and as such it must be the same as one of the strings given in `elements` of the algebra specification.\n\n#### Returns\n\n(`syntax.AST_Node`) The root node of the parse tree.\n\n#### Example\n```python\nfrom mvmt import syntax\n\n# Example usage\nparse_tree = syntax.parse_expression(\"((<>(p -> 0) -> 0) -> []p)\")\nprint(parse_tree.proper_subformulas[1].val)\n```\n```plaintext\n# Output\n[]\n```\n\n\n### `tableau.isValid`\n\n#### Description\n\nGiven a modal formuala $\\varphi$ and Heyting algebra $\\mathcal{H}$, checks if $\\varphi$ is valid in the class of all $\\mathcal{H}$-frames[^1].\n\nUnder the hood, it calls `tableau.construct_tableau` to construct a prefixed tableau for $\\varphi$ and then returns `True` iff the constructed tableau is closed. `tableau.construct_tableau` is essentially the crux of this package.\n\n#### Parameters\n\n- `phi` (`str`, required): The modal formula $\\varphi$, with syntax as described in the [`parameters`](#parameters-1) section of `syntax.parse_expression`.\n- `H` (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`, required) The Heyting algebra $\\mathcal{H}$.\n\n#### Returns\n\n- (`boolean`) `True` if $\\varphi$ is valid in the class of all $\\mathcal{H}$-frames and `False` otherwise.\n- (`tableau.Tableau`) The tableau constructed and used to determine validity.\n\n#### Example\n```python\nfrom tableau import isValid\n\n# Example usage\nvalid, tab = tableau.isValid(\"[]p -> p\", H)\nprint(valid)\n```\n```plaintext\n# Output\nFalse\n```\n\n\n### `tableau.construct_counter_model`\n\n#### Description\n\nGiven a modal formuala $\\varphi$ and Heyting algebra $\\mathcal{H}$, if possible produce an $\\mathcal{H}-model$ in which $\\varphi$ is is not globally true.\nThe model is read off of an open tableau for $\\varphi$.\n\n#### Parameters\n\n- `phi` (`str`, required): The modal formula $\\varphi$, with syntax as described in the [`parameters`](#parameters-1) section of `syntax.parse_expression`.\n- `H` (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`, required) The Heyting algebra $\\mathcal{H}$.\n- `tableau` (`tableau.Tableau`, optional) A tableau for $\\varphi$. This is just used to prevent duplicate computations if the required tableau was already produced by `isValid`.\n\n#### Returns\n\n- (`algebra.HeytingAlgebra`) $\\mathcal{H}$\n- (`tuple[set[str], dict[TruthValue, dict[TruthValue, TruthValue]], dict[str, dict[str, TruthValue]]]`) The constructed counter $\\mathcal{H}$-model.\n\n#### Example\n```python\nfrom tableau import construct_counter_model\n\n# Example usage\nM = tableau.construct_counter_model(\"[]p -> p\", H, tab)\nprint(M[1][1])\n```\n```plaintext\n# Output\n{'A': {'A': '0'}}\n```\n\n### `tableau.visualize_model`\n\n#### Description\n\nProduces a `matplotlib` visualizing a model returned by `tableau.construct_counter_model` as a labeled weighted directed graph.\n\n#### Parameters\n\n- `M` (`tuple[set[str], dict[TruthValue, dict[TruthValue, TruthValue]], dict[str, dict[str, TruthValue]]]`): An $\\mathcal{H}$-model.\n\n#### Returns\nNone\n\n[^1]: See [[3]](#3) for appropriate definitions.\n## For Developers\nTo run the code from source, follow these steps.\n- Clone this repo.\n```bash\ngit clone https://github.com/WeAreDevo/Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau.git\ncd Many-Valued-Modal-Tableau\n```\n- Create a virtual enironment containing the required dependencies and activate it using either `conda` \n```bash\nconda env create -f environment.yml\nconda activate mvmt\n```\nor using `virtualenv`\n```bash\npip install virtualenv\nvirtualenv mvmt\nsource mvmt/bin/activate\npip install -r requirements.txt\n```\n\n- You can now edit the source code and run it locally. For example, run `main.py`:\n```bash\npython main.py \"<expression>\" --algebra filename.json --print_tableau --display_model\n``` \n`<expression>` is the propositional modal formula you wish to check is valid.\n`filename.json` should be the name of a file stored in `algebra_specs` that contains a json specification of a Heyting algebra.\nThe `--print_tableau` flag enables printing the constructed tableau to the terminal, and the `--display_model` flag enables displaying a counter model (if it exists) in a seperate window.\n\nE.g.\n```bash\npython main.py \"[]p->p\" --algebra three_valued.json --print_tableau --display_model\n```\n\n\n### Note\n`<expression>` should only contain well formed combinations of strings denoting:\n  -  propositional variables, which must match the regex `[p-z]\\d*` (i.e. begin with a letter between \"p\" and \"z\", followed by a string of zero or more decimal digits)\n  - a truth value from the specified algebra (see configurations below)\n  - a connective such as `\"&\"`, `\"|\"`, `\"->\"`, `\"[]\"`, `\"<>\"` (These corrrespond respectively to the syntactic objects $\\land, \\lor, \\supset, \\Box, \\Diamond$ as presented in [[2]](#2))\n  - Matching parentheses `\"(\"`,`\")\"`.\n\nIf some matching parentheses are not present, the usual order of precedence for propositional formulas is assumed.\n\n## References\n<a id=\"1\">[1]</a> \nFitting, M. (1983). Prefixed Tableau Systems. In: Proof Methods for Modal and Intuitionistic Logics. Synthese Library, vol 169. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2794-5_9\n\n<a id=\"2\">[2]</a> \nFitting, M. (1995). Tableaus for Many-Valued Modal Logic. Studia Logica: An International Journal for Symbolic Logic, 55(1), 63\u201387. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20015807\n\n<a id=\"3\">[3]</a> \nFitting, M. (1992). Many-valued modal logics II. Fundamenta Informaticae, 17, 55-73. https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-1992-171-205\n\n\n## TODO\n- Check if specified finite algebra is in fact a bounded distributive lattice (and hence Heyting algebra)\n- Allow choice of stricter clsses of frames",
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