pycodeobject库是一个用于解析、编辑Python 字节码(bytecode)的工具。
Pycodeobject is a tool which parses and edits Python bytecode object.
详细介绍
========
字节码的结构
"""""""""""""""""""""""
众所周知, Python中的字节码(bytecode) 是一种数据类型, Python代码的编译结果就是bytecode对象。
bytecode对象可以由虚拟机加载后直接运行，而pyc文件就是bytecode在硬盘上的保存形式。
先通过一个示例, 分析什么是字节码::
.. code-block:: python
>>> import dis
>>> def f(x):print('hello',x)
>>> f.__code__
<code object f at 0x02B27498, file "<pyshell#2>", line 1>
>>> f.__code__.co_code
b't\x00d\x01|\x00\x83\x02\x01\x00d\x00S\x00'
>>> dis.dis(f)
1 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (print)
2 LOAD_CONST 1 ('hello')
4 LOAD_FAST 0 (x)
6 CALL_FUNCTION 2
8 POP_TOP
10 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
12 RETURN_VALUE
>>>
上述示例中f.__code__就是bytecode对象, f.__code__.co_code就是二进制的字节码, 通过dis模块可以反编译、分析这些二进制代码。
Python解释执行代码时, 会首先将原始的源代码翻译成bytecode形式, 再直接执行bytecode, 以提高性能。
.. image:: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210719105023666.png
:alt: 字节码结构图
(在 Python 3.8中, 增加了一个属性 `co_posonlyargcount`)
详尽的说明参见Python官方文档 https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.7/library/dis.html 。
包装字节码
""""""""""""""""""""
在python中, bytecode对象的属性是不可修改的。如::
.. code-block:: python
>>> def f():pass
>>> f.__code__.co_code = b''
Traceback (most recent call last): ... ...
AttributeError: readonly attribute
为了使bytecode对象更易用, 本项目中的Code类, 用于包装 (wrap)字节码对象。
下面的示例是从doctest中摘取的::
.. code-block:: python
>>> def f():print("Hello")
>>> c=Code.fromfunc(f)
>>> c.co_consts
(None, 'Hello')
>>> c.co_consts=(None, 'Hello World!')
>>> c.exec()
Hello World!
>>>
>>> import os,pickle
>>> temp=os.getenv('temp')
>>> with open(os.path.join(temp,"temp.pkl"),'wb') as f:
... pickle.dump(c,f)
...
>>> f=open(os.path.join(temp,"temp.pkl"),'rb')
>>> pickle.load(f).to_func()()
Hello World!
>>>
>>> c.to_pycfile(os.path.join(temp,"temppyc.pyc"))
>>> sys.path.append(temp)
>>> import temppyc
Hello World!
>>> Code.from_pycfile(os.path.join(temp,"temppyc.pyc")).exec()
Hello World!
版本 VERSION
============
1.0.4
作者 AUTHOR
===========
qfcy qq:3076711200 贴吧账号:qfcy\_
作者CSDN主页: https://blog.csdn.net/qfcy\_
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