rshell
=========
Remote MicroPython shell.
This is a simple shell which runs on the host and uses MicroPython's
raw-REPL to send python snippets to the pyboard in order to get
filesystem information, and to copy files to and from MicroPython's
filesystem.
It also has the ability to invoke the regular REPL, so rshell can be
used as a terminal emulator as well.
Note: With rshell you can disable USB Mass Storage and still copy files
into and out of your pyboard.
When using the commands, the /flash directory, and the /sdcard directory
(if an sdcard is inserted) are considered to be on the pyboard, and all
other directories are considered to be on the host. For an ESP based board you
can only reference its directory by using the board name e.g. /pyboard etc..
NOTE: rshell requires a fairly recent version of the MicroPython
firmware, specifically one which contains the ubinascii.unhexlify
command which was added May 19, 2015 (v1.4.3-28-ga3a14b9 or newer).
If your version of the firmware isn't new enough, then you'll see an
error message something like this:
::
>./rshell.py
rshell needs MicroPython firmware with ubinascii.unhexlify
Installation
============
You can install rshell using the command:
::
sudo pip3 install rshell
If you use a virtualenv, then you don't need the sudo. rshell needs Python3.
All of my testing was done using version 3.4.0.
Debian/Ubuntu users can get pip3 using:
::
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
Serial Port Permissions (linux)
===============================
Under linux, the USB serial ports are owned by root and typically have a group of dialout (for ubuntu).
Different unix distros may use a slightly different group name. In order for rshell (or any terminal emulator)
to access the serial port, you'll need to ensure that your user account has sufficient priviledge.
One way to do this is to ensure that your user is added to the dialout group, using a command like:
::
sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
Another way, is to use udev rules to modify the permissions on the serial port. There are some instructions
on the [micropython wiki](https://github.com/micropython/micropython/wiki/Board-STM32F407-Discovery#programming-from-linux-via-dfu)
that you can use to setup your udev rules (you don't need to install dfu-utils just to update the permissions).
Sample Session
==============
This shows a pyboard in its default state, copying a hello.py and then
entering the repl and importing it.
::
>rshell
Welcome to rshell. Use Control-D to exit.
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> ls -l /flash
529 May 21 17:34 README.txt
286 May 21 17:34 boot.py
34 May 21 17:34 main.py
2436 May 21 17:34 pybcdc.inf
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> cp hello.py /flash
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> ls -l /flash
529 May 21 17:34 README.txt
286 May 21 17:34 boot.py
21 May 21 17:35 hello.py
34 May 21 17:34 main.py
2436 May 21 17:34 pybcdc.inf
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> cat /flash/hello.py
print('Hello World')
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> repl
Entering REPL. Use Control-X to exit.
Micro Python v1.4.3-28-ga3a14b9 on 2015-05-21; PYBv1.0 with STM32F405RG
Type "help()" for more information.
>>>
>>> import hello
Hello World
>>>
/home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell>
Command Line Options
====================
-h, --help
----------
Displays a list of the valid options. You should get something like the
following displayed:
::
usage: rshell [options] [command]
Remote Shell for a MicroPython board.
positional arguments:
cmd Optional command to execute
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-b BAUD, --baud BAUD Set the baudrate used (default = 115200)
--buffer-size BUFFER_SIZE
Set the buffer size used for transfers (default = 512)
-p PORT, --port PORT Set the serial port to use (default '/dev/ttyACM0')
--rts RTS Set the RTS state (default '')
--dtr DTR Set the DTR state (default '')
-u USER, --user USER Set username to use (default 'micro')
-w PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD
Set password to use (default 'python')
-e EDITOR, --editor EDITOR
Set the editor to use (default 'vi')
-f FILENAME, --file FILENAME
Specifies a file of commands to process.
-d, --debug Enable debug features
-n, --nocolor Turn off colorized output
--wait How long to wait for serial port
--binary Enable binary file transfer
--timing Print timing information about each command
--quiet Turns off some output (useful for testing)
You can specify the default serial port using the RSHELL_PORT environment
variable.
-b BAUD, --baud BAUD
--------------------
Sets the baud rate to use when talking to the pyboard over a serial port. If
no baud is specified, then the baudrate from the RSHELL_BAUD environment
variable is used. If the RSHELL_BAUD environment variable is not defined then
the default baudrate of 115200 is used.
--buffer-size
-------------
Sets the buffer size used when transferring files between the host and the
pyboard. If no buffer size is specified, then the value from the
RSHELL_BUFFER_SIZE environment variable is used. If the RSHELL_BUFFER_SIZE
environment variable is not defined, then the default of 512 is used.
-d, --debug
-----------
Turns on debugging. This allows you to see the script which is sent over
the raw REPL and the response received.
-e EDITOR, --editor
-------------------
Specifies the editor to use with the edit command. If no editor is specified,
then the following environment variables will be searched: RSHELL_EDITOR,
VISUAL, and EDITOR. If none of those environment variables is set then vi will
be used.
-f FILENAME, --file FILENAME
----------------------------
Specifies a file of rshell commands to process. This allows you to
create a script which executes any valid rshell commands.
-n, --nocolor
-------------
By default, rshell uses ANSI color escape codes when displaying the
prompt and ls output. This option allows colorized output to be
disabled.
-a --ascii
----------
On certain platforms the raw REPL mode is unreliable with particular sequences
of binary characters. Specifying --ascii enables the transfer of binary files
to such platforms. It does this by encoding the data as ASCII hex.
--wait
------
If a port is specified defines how long rshell will wait for the port to exist
and for a connection to be established. The default is 0 seconds specifying an
immediate return.
-p PORT, --port PORT
--------------------
Specifies the serial port which should be used to talk to the
MicroPython board. You can set the RSHELL\_PORT environment variable to
specify the default port to be used, if --port is not specified on the
command line.
--dtr [0|1|True|False]
----------------------
Sets the state of the DTR line when opening the serial port. This may
also be defaulted from the RSHELL_DTR environment variable.
--rts [0|1|True|False]
----------------------
Sets the state of the RTS line when opening the serial port. This may
also be defaulted from the RSHELL_RTS environment variable.
--quiet
-------
This option causes the Connecting messages printed when rshell starts to be
suppressed. This is mostly useful for the test scripts.
--timing
--------
If the timing option is specified then rshell will print the amount of time
that each command takes to execute.
-u USER, --user USER
--------------------
Specifies the username to use when logging into a WiPy over telnet. If no
username is specified, then the username from the RSHELL_USER environment
variable is used. If the RSHELL_USER environment variable doesn't exist
then the default username 'micro' is used.
-w PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD
--------------------------------
Specified the password to use when logging into a WiPy over telnet. If no
password is specified, then the password from the RSHELL_PASSWORD environment
variable is used. If the RSHELL_PASSWORD environment variable doesn't exist
then the default password 'python' is used.
cmd
---
If a command is specified, then that command will be executed and rshell will
exit. Examples:
::
rshell cp somefile.py /flash
rshell repl ~ pyb.bootloader() ~
File System
===========
rshell can be connected to multiple pyboards simultaneously. If the
board module exists on the pyboard (i.e. a file named board.py somewhere
in the module search path) and it contains an attribute called name
(e.g. :code:`name = "myboard"`) then the pyboard will use that name. If the board
module can't be imported then the board will be named, pyboard or wipy.
Names will have -1 (or some other number) to make the board name unique.
You can access the internal flash on the first board connected using
/flash and the sd card on the first board connected can be accessed
using /sd.
For all other connected pyboards, you can use /board-name/flash or
/board-name/sd (you can see the board names using the boards command).
The boards command will show all of the connected pyboards, along with all of
the directories which map onto that pyboard.
Commands
========
args
----
::
args [arguments...]
Debug function for verifying argument parsing. This function just prints
out each argument that it receives.
boards
------
::
boards
Lists all of the boards that rshell is currently connected to, their
names, and the connection.
You can give a custom name to a board with either copying over a :code:`board.py`
file or using the :code:`echo` command, e.g.
::
echo 'name="myboard"' > /pyboard/board.py
(Remember to exit rshell and re-enter to see the change).
cat
---
::
cat FILENAME...
Concatenates files and sends to stdout.
cd
--
::
cd DIRECTORY
Changes the current directory. ~ expansion is supported, and cd - goes
to the previous directory.
connect
-------
::
connect TYPE TYPE_PARAMS
connect serial port [baud]
connect telnet ip-address-or-name
Connects a pyboard to rshell. rshell can be connected to multiple
pyboards simultaneously.
cp
--
::
usage: cp SOURCE DEST
cp SOURCE... DIRECTORY
cp [-r|--recursive] [SOURCE|SRC_DIR]... DIRECTORY
cp [-r|--recursive] PATTERN DIRECTORY
positional arguments:
DEST A destination file
SOURCE File to copy
SRC_DIR Directory to copy
PATTERN File or directory pattern match string e.g. foo/*.py
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-r, --recursive copy directories recursively
Copies the SOURCE file to DEST. DEST may be a filename or a directory
name. If more than one source file is specified, then the destination
should be a directory.
Directories will only be copied if -r is specified.
A single pattern may be specified, in which case the destination
should be a directory. Pattern matching is performed according to a subset
of the Unix rules (see below).
Recursive copying uses rsync (see below): where a file exists on source
and destination, it will only be copied if the source is newer than the
destination.
df
--
::
usage: df [-b|-h|-H]
Report file system space usage
optional arguments:
--help show this help message and exit
-b, --bytes Prints sizes in bytes
-h, --human-readable Prints sizes in a human-readable format using power of 1024
-H, --si Prints sizes in a human-readable format using power of 1000
Gets filesystem available space based on statvfs. Granularity is limited
to filesystem block size.
echo
----
::
echo TEXT...
Display a line of text.
edit
----
::
edit filename
If the file is on a pyboard, it copies the file to host, invokes an
editor and if any changes were made to the file, it copies it back to
the pyboard.
The editor which is used defaults to vi, but can be overridden using
either the --editor command line option when rshell.py is invoked, or by
using the RSHELL\_EDITOR, VISUAL or EDITOR environment variables (they
are tried in the order listed).
filesize
--------
::
filesize FILE
Prints the size of the file, in bytes. This function is primarily
testing.
filetype
--------
::
filetype FILE
Prints the type of file (dir or file). This function is primarily for
testing.
help
----
::
help [COMMAND]
List available commands with no arguments, or detailed help when a
command is provided.
ls
--
::
usage: ls [-a] [-l] [FILE|DIRECTORY|PATTERN]...
List directory contents.
positional arguments:
FILE File to list (show absolute path)
DIRECTORY Directory (list contents)
PATTERN File or directory pattern match string e.g. foo/*.py
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-a, --all do not ignore hidden files
-l, --long use a long listing format
Pattern matching is performed according to a subset of the Unix rules
(see below).
mkdir
-----
::
mkdir DIRECTORY...
Creates one or more directories.
repl
----
::
repl [board-name] [~ line][ ~]
Enters into the regular REPL with the MicroPython board. Use Control-X
to exit REPL mode and return the shell. It may take a second or two
before the REPL exits.
If you provide a board-name then rshell will connect to that board,
otherwise it will connect to the default board (first connected board).
If you provide a tilde followed by a space (~ ) then anything after the
tilde will be entered as if you typed it on the command line.
If you want the repl to exit, end the line with the ~ character.
For example, you could use:
::
rshell.py repl ~ pyb.bootloader()~
and it will boot the pyboard into DFU.
If you want to execute multiple Python commands these should be separated
by the ~ character (not the ; character):
::
rshell.py repl ~ import mymodule ~ mymodule.run()
rm
--
::
usage: rm [-f|--force] FILE...
rm [-f|--force] PATTERN
rm -r [-f|--force] PATTERN
rm -r [-f|--force] [FILE|DIRECTORY]...
Removes files or directories (including their contents).
positional arguments:
FILE File to remove
DIRECTORY Directory to remove (-r required)
PATTERN File matching pattern e.g. *.py
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-r, --recursive remove directories and their contents recursively
-f, --force ignore nonexistent files and arguments
A single pattern may be specified. Pattern matching is performed
according to a subset of the Unix rules (see below). Directories
can only be removed if the recursive argument is provided.
Beware of rm -r * or worse.
rsync
-----
::
usage: rsync [-m|--mirror] [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet] SRC_DIR DEST_DIR
Recursively synchronises a source directory to a destination.
Directories must exist.
positional arguments:
SRC_DIR Directory containing source files.
DEST_DIR Directory for destination
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-m, --mirror remove files or directories from destination if
absent from source.
-n, --dry-run make no changes but report what would be done. Implies -v
-q, --quiet don't report changes made.
Synchronisation is performed by comparing the date and time of source
and destination files. Files are copied if the source is newer than the
destination.
shell
-----
The shell command can also be abbreviated using the exclamation point.
::
shell some-command
!some-command
This will invoke a command, and return back to rshell. Example:
::
!make deploy
will flash the pyboard.
Pattern Matching
================
This is performed according to a subset of the Unix rules. The limitations
are that wildcards are only allowed in the rightmost directory of a path and
curly bracket {} syntax is unsupported:
::
*.py Match files in current directory with a .py extension
temp/x[0-9]a.* Match temp/x1a.bmp but not temp/x00a.bmp
t*/*.bmp Invalid: will produce an error message
{*.doc,*.pdf} Invalid: will produce an error message
Raw data
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"keywords": "micropython shell",
"author": "Dave Hylands",
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"description": "rshell\n=========\n\nRemote MicroPython shell.\n\nThis is a simple shell which runs on the host and uses MicroPython's\nraw-REPL to send python snippets to the pyboard in order to get\nfilesystem information, and to copy files to and from MicroPython's\nfilesystem.\n\nIt also has the ability to invoke the regular REPL, so rshell can be\nused as a terminal emulator as well.\n\nNote: With rshell you can disable USB Mass Storage and still copy files\ninto and out of your pyboard.\n\nWhen using the commands, the /flash directory, and the /sdcard directory\n(if an sdcard is inserted) are considered to be on the pyboard, and all\nother directories are considered to be on the host. For an ESP based board you\ncan only reference its directory by using the board name e.g. /pyboard etc..\n\nNOTE: rshell requires a fairly recent version of the MicroPython\nfirmware, specifically one which contains the ubinascii.unhexlify\ncommand which was added May 19, 2015 (v1.4.3-28-ga3a14b9 or newer).\n\nIf your version of the firmware isn't new enough, then you'll see an\nerror message something like this:\n\n::\n\n >./rshell.py\n rshell needs MicroPython firmware with ubinascii.unhexlify\n\nInstallation\n============\n\nYou can install rshell using the command:\n\n::\n\n sudo pip3 install rshell\n\nIf you use a virtualenv, then you don't need the sudo. rshell needs Python3.\nAll of my testing was done using version 3.4.0.\n\nDebian/Ubuntu users can get pip3 using:\n\n::\n\n sudo apt-get install python3-pip\n\nSerial Port Permissions (linux)\n===============================\n\nUnder linux, the USB serial ports are owned by root and typically have a group of dialout (for ubuntu).\nDifferent unix distros may use a slightly different group name. In order for rshell (or any terminal emulator)\nto access the serial port, you'll need to ensure that your user account has sufficient priviledge.\nOne way to do this is to ensure that your user is added to the dialout group, using a command like:\n\n::\n\n sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER\n\n\nAnother way, is to use udev rules to modify the permissions on the serial port. There are some instructions\non the [micropython wiki](https://github.com/micropython/micropython/wiki/Board-STM32F407-Discovery#programming-from-linux-via-dfu)\nthat you can use to setup your udev rules (you don't need to install dfu-utils just to update the permissions).\n\nSample Session\n==============\n\nThis shows a pyboard in its default state, copying a hello.py and then\nentering the repl and importing it.\n\n::\n\n >rshell\n Welcome to rshell. Use Control-D to exit.\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> ls -l /flash\n 529 May 21 17:34 README.txt\n 286 May 21 17:34 boot.py\n 34 May 21 17:34 main.py\n 2436 May 21 17:34 pybcdc.inf\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> cp hello.py /flash\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> ls -l /flash\n 529 May 21 17:34 README.txt\n 286 May 21 17:34 boot.py\n 21 May 21 17:35 hello.py\n 34 May 21 17:34 main.py\n 2436 May 21 17:34 pybcdc.inf\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> cat /flash/hello.py\n print('Hello World')\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell> repl\n Entering REPL. Use Control-X to exit.\n\n Micro Python v1.4.3-28-ga3a14b9 on 2015-05-21; PYBv1.0 with STM32F405RG\n Type \"help()\" for more information.\n >>>\n >>> import hello\n Hello World\n >>>\n /home/dhylands/Dropbox/micropython/rshell>\n\nCommand Line Options\n====================\n\n-h, --help\n----------\n\nDisplays a list of the valid options. You should get something like the\nfollowing displayed:\n\n::\n\n usage: rshell [options] [command]\n\n Remote Shell for a MicroPython board.\n\n positional arguments:\n cmd Optional command to execute\n\n optional arguments:\n -h, --help show this help message and exit\n -b BAUD, --baud BAUD Set the baudrate used (default = 115200)\n --buffer-size BUFFER_SIZE\n Set the buffer size used for transfers (default = 512)\n -p PORT, --port PORT Set the serial port to use (default '/dev/ttyACM0')\n --rts RTS Set the RTS state (default '')\n --dtr DTR Set the DTR state (default '')\n -u USER, --user USER Set username to use (default 'micro')\n -w PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD\n Set password to use (default 'python')\n -e EDITOR, --editor EDITOR\n Set the editor to use (default 'vi')\n -f FILENAME, --file FILENAME\n Specifies a file of commands to process.\n -d, --debug Enable debug features\n -n, --nocolor Turn off colorized output\n --wait How long to wait for serial port\n --binary Enable binary file transfer\n --timing Print timing information about each command\n --quiet Turns off some output (useful for testing)\n\n You can specify the default serial port using the RSHELL_PORT environment\n variable.\n\n-b BAUD, --baud BAUD\n--------------------\n\nSets the baud rate to use when talking to the pyboard over a serial port. If\nno baud is specified, then the baudrate from the RSHELL_BAUD environment\nvariable is used. If the RSHELL_BAUD environment variable is not defined then\nthe default baudrate of 115200 is used.\n\n--buffer-size\n-------------\n\nSets the buffer size used when transferring files between the host and the\npyboard. If no buffer size is specified, then the value from the\nRSHELL_BUFFER_SIZE environment variable is used. If the RSHELL_BUFFER_SIZE\nenvironment variable is not defined, then the default of 512 is used.\n\n-d, --debug\n-----------\n\nTurns on debugging. This allows you to see the script which is sent over\nthe raw REPL and the response received.\n\n-e EDITOR, --editor\n-------------------\n\nSpecifies the editor to use with the edit command. If no editor is specified,\nthen the following environment variables will be searched: RSHELL_EDITOR,\nVISUAL, and EDITOR. If none of those environment variables is set then vi will\nbe used.\n\n-f FILENAME, --file FILENAME\n----------------------------\n\nSpecifies a file of rshell commands to process. This allows you to\ncreate a script which executes any valid rshell commands.\n\n-n, --nocolor\n-------------\n\nBy default, rshell uses ANSI color escape codes when displaying the\nprompt and ls output. This option allows colorized output to be\ndisabled.\n\n-a --ascii\n----------\n\nOn certain platforms the raw REPL mode is unreliable with particular sequences\nof binary characters. Specifying --ascii enables the transfer of binary files\nto such platforms. It does this by encoding the data as ASCII hex.\n\n--wait\n------\n\nIf a port is specified defines how long rshell will wait for the port to exist\nand for a connection to be established. The default is 0 seconds specifying an\nimmediate return.\n\n-p PORT, --port PORT\n--------------------\n\nSpecifies the serial port which should be used to talk to the\nMicroPython board. You can set the RSHELL\\_PORT environment variable to\nspecify the default port to be used, if --port is not specified on the\ncommand line.\n\n--dtr [0|1|True|False]\n----------------------\n\nSets the state of the DTR line when opening the serial port. This may\nalso be defaulted from the RSHELL_DTR environment variable.\n\n--rts [0|1|True|False]\n----------------------\n\nSets the state of the RTS line when opening the serial port. This may\nalso be defaulted from the RSHELL_RTS environment variable.\n\n--quiet\n-------\n\nThis option causes the Connecting messages printed when rshell starts to be\nsuppressed. This is mostly useful for the test scripts.\n\n--timing\n--------\n\nIf the timing option is specified then rshell will print the amount of time\nthat each command takes to execute.\n\n-u USER, --user USER\n--------------------\n\nSpecifies the username to use when logging into a WiPy over telnet. If no\nusername is specified, then the username from the RSHELL_USER environment\nvariable is used. If the RSHELL_USER environment variable doesn't exist\nthen the default username 'micro' is used.\n\n-w PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD\n--------------------------------\n\nSpecified the password to use when logging into a WiPy over telnet. If no\npassword is specified, then the password from the RSHELL_PASSWORD environment\nvariable is used. If the RSHELL_PASSWORD environment variable doesn't exist\nthen the default password 'python' is used.\n\ncmd\n---\n\nIf a command is specified, then that command will be executed and rshell will\nexit. Examples:\n\n::\n\n rshell cp somefile.py /flash\n rshell repl ~ pyb.bootloader() ~\n\nFile System\n===========\n\nrshell can be connected to multiple pyboards simultaneously. If the\nboard module exists on the pyboard (i.e. a file named board.py somewhere\nin the module search path) and it contains an attribute called name\n(e.g. :code:`name = \"myboard\"`) then the pyboard will use that name. If the board\nmodule can't be imported then the board will be named, pyboard or wipy.\nNames will have -1 (or some other number) to make the board name unique.\n\nYou can access the internal flash on the first board connected using\n/flash and the sd card on the first board connected can be accessed\nusing /sd.\n\nFor all other connected pyboards, you can use /board-name/flash or\n/board-name/sd (you can see the board names using the boards command).\n\nThe boards command will show all of the connected pyboards, along with all of\nthe directories which map onto that pyboard.\n\nCommands\n========\n\nargs\n----\n\n::\n\n args [arguments...]\n\nDebug function for verifying argument parsing. This function just prints\nout each argument that it receives.\n\nboards\n------\n\n::\n\n boards\n\nLists all of the boards that rshell is currently connected to, their\nnames, and the connection.\n\nYou can give a custom name to a board with either copying over a :code:`board.py`\nfile or using the :code:`echo` command, e.g.\n\n::\n\n echo 'name=\"myboard\"' > /pyboard/board.py\n\n(Remember to exit rshell and re-enter to see the change).\n\ncat\n---\n\n::\n\n cat FILENAME...\n\nConcatenates files and sends to stdout.\n\ncd\n--\n\n::\n\n cd DIRECTORY\n\nChanges the current directory. ~ expansion is supported, and cd - goes\nto the previous directory.\n\nconnect\n-------\n\n::\n\n connect TYPE TYPE_PARAMS\n connect serial port [baud]\n connect telnet ip-address-or-name\n\nConnects a pyboard to rshell. rshell can be connected to multiple\npyboards simultaneously.\n\ncp\n--\n\n::\n\n usage: cp SOURCE DEST\n cp SOURCE... DIRECTORY\n cp [-r|--recursive] [SOURCE|SRC_DIR]... DIRECTORY\n cp [-r|--recursive] PATTERN DIRECTORY\n\n positional arguments:\n DEST A destination file\n SOURCE File to copy\n SRC_DIR Directory to copy\n PATTERN File or directory pattern match string e.g. foo/*.py\n\n optional arguments:\n -h, --help show this help message and exit\n -r, --recursive copy directories recursively\n\nCopies the SOURCE file to DEST. DEST may be a filename or a directory\nname. If more than one source file is specified, then the destination\nshould be a directory.\n\nDirectories will only be copied if -r is specified.\n\nA single pattern may be specified, in which case the destination\nshould be a directory. Pattern matching is performed according to a subset\nof the Unix rules (see below).\n\nRecursive copying uses rsync (see below): where a file exists on source\nand destination, it will only be copied if the source is newer than the\ndestination.\n\n\ndf\n--\n\n::\n\n usage: df [-b|-h|-H]\n\n Report file system space usage\n\n optional arguments:\n --help show this help message and exit\n -b, --bytes Prints sizes in bytes\n -h, --human-readable Prints sizes in a human-readable format using power of 1024\n -H, --si Prints sizes in a human-readable format using power of 1000\n\nGets filesystem available space based on statvfs. Granularity is limited \nto filesystem block size.\n\n\necho\n----\n\n::\n\n echo TEXT...\n\nDisplay a line of text.\n\nedit\n----\n\n::\n\n edit filename\n\nIf the file is on a pyboard, it copies the file to host, invokes an\neditor and if any changes were made to the file, it copies it back to\nthe pyboard.\n\nThe editor which is used defaults to vi, but can be overridden using\neither the --editor command line option when rshell.py is invoked, or by\nusing the RSHELL\\_EDITOR, VISUAL or EDITOR environment variables (they\nare tried in the order listed).\n\nfilesize\n--------\n\n::\n\n filesize FILE\n\nPrints the size of the file, in bytes. This function is primarily\ntesting.\n\nfiletype\n--------\n\n::\n\n filetype FILE\n\nPrints the type of file (dir or file). This function is primarily for\ntesting.\n\nhelp\n----\n\n::\n\n help [COMMAND]\n\nList available commands with no arguments, or detailed help when a\ncommand is provided.\n\nls\n--\n\n::\n\n usage: ls [-a] [-l] [FILE|DIRECTORY|PATTERN]...\n\n List directory contents.\n\n positional arguments:\n FILE File to list (show absolute path)\n DIRECTORY Directory (list contents)\n PATTERN File or directory pattern match string e.g. foo/*.py\n\n optional arguments:\n -h, --help show this help message and exit\n -a, --all do not ignore hidden files\n -l, --long use a long listing format\n\nPattern matching is performed according to a subset of the Unix rules\n(see below).\n\nmkdir\n-----\n\n::\n\n mkdir DIRECTORY...\n\nCreates one or more directories.\n\nrepl\n----\n\n::\n\n repl [board-name] [~ line][ ~]\n\nEnters into the regular REPL with the MicroPython board. Use Control-X\nto exit REPL mode and return the shell. It may take a second or two\nbefore the REPL exits.\n\nIf you provide a board-name then rshell will connect to that board,\notherwise it will connect to the default board (first connected board).\n\nIf you provide a tilde followed by a space (~ ) then anything after the\ntilde will be entered as if you typed it on the command line.\n\nIf you want the repl to exit, end the line with the ~ character.\n\nFor example, you could use:\n\n::\n\n rshell.py repl ~ pyb.bootloader()~\n\nand it will boot the pyboard into DFU.\n\nIf you want to execute multiple Python commands these should be separated\nby the ~ character (not the ; character):\n\n::\n\n rshell.py repl ~ import mymodule ~ mymodule.run()\n\nrm\n--\n\n::\n\n usage: rm [-f|--force] FILE...\n rm [-f|--force] PATTERN\n rm -r [-f|--force] PATTERN\n rm -r [-f|--force] [FILE|DIRECTORY]...\n\n Removes files or directories (including their contents).\n\n positional arguments:\n FILE File to remove\n DIRECTORY Directory to remove (-r required)\n PATTERN File matching pattern e.g. *.py\n\n optional arguments:\n -h, --help show this help message and exit\n -r, --recursive remove directories and their contents recursively\n -f, --force ignore nonexistent files and arguments\n\nA single pattern may be specified. Pattern matching is performed\naccording to a subset of the Unix rules (see below). Directories\ncan only be removed if the recursive argument is provided.\n\nBeware of rm -r * or worse.\n\nrsync\n-----\n\n::\n\n usage: rsync [-m|--mirror] [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet] SRC_DIR DEST_DIR\n\n Recursively synchronises a source directory to a destination.\n Directories must exist.\n\n positional arguments:\n SRC_DIR Directory containing source files.\n DEST_DIR Directory for destination\n\n optional arguments:\n -h, --help show this help message and exit\n -m, --mirror remove files or directories from destination if\n absent from source.\n -n, --dry-run make no changes but report what would be done. Implies -v\n -q, --quiet don't report changes made.\n\n\nSynchronisation is performed by comparing the date and time of source\nand destination files. Files are copied if the source is newer than the\ndestination.\n\n\nshell\n-----\n\nThe shell command can also be abbreviated using the exclamation point.\n\n::\n\n shell some-command\n !some-command\n\nThis will invoke a command, and return back to rshell. Example:\n\n::\n\n !make deploy\n\nwill flash the pyboard.\n\nPattern Matching\n================\n\nThis is performed according to a subset of the Unix rules. The limitations\nare that wildcards are only allowed in the rightmost directory of a path and\ncurly bracket {} syntax is unsupported:\n\n::\n\n *.py Match files in current directory with a .py extension\n temp/x[0-9]a.* Match temp/x1a.bmp but not temp/x00a.bmp\n\n t*/*.bmp Invalid: will produce an error message\n {*.doc,*.pdf} Invalid: will produce an error message\n\n\n",
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